What Is Feline Panleukopenia?

by Angela Vuckovic

Published: June 21st, 2025

megaflopp/Shutterstock

Hearing that a cat has panleukopenia can sound intimidating - and for good reason. Feline panleukopenia (also known as feline distemper or FPV) is a highly contagious and potentially deadly viral disease that affects cats, especially kittens and unvaccinated adults. But with the right knowledge and preventive care, pet parents can better protect their cats from this dangerous illness.

Here’s what you need to know about feline panleukopenia, how it spreads, and why vaccination is so important.

The Basics: What Exactly Is Panleukopenia?

Feline panleukopenia is caused by the feline parvovirus, which attacks rapidly dividing cells in a cat’s body, particularly those in the bone marrow, intestines, and developing fetus. The term "panleukopenia" itself means “a lack of all white blood cells,” referring to the virus’s impact on a cat’s immune system.

Because it damages the gut lining and suppresses immunity, this virus often causes severe gastrointestinal symptoms, dehydration, and secondary infections. It spreads quickly and can be fatal, especially in kittens.

How Does It Spread?

FPV is incredibly contagious and can survive in the environment for months, even up to a year- on surfaces like bedding, food bowls, clothing, and shoes. Cats can catch it through direct contact with an infected animal, or indirectly through contaminated environments and objects.

Even if your cat stays indoors, they’re not entirely risk-free. The virus can easily hitch a ride on your shoes or hands after contact with other animals, shelters, or outdoor spaces.

What Are the Signs of Panleukopenia?

Symptoms can come on quickly and may include:

Sudden loss of appetite
Vomiting and/or diarrhea (sometimes bloody)
Lethargy or weakness
High fever
Dehydration
Painful or bloated abdomen
Rapid weight loss

In kittens, the disease can be especially aggressive. Because their immune systems aren’t fully developed, they can go from seemingly fine to critically ill in a matter of hours. Some cats may also show neurological signs if the infection occurs during pregnancy or early kittenhood.

If you notice any of these symptoms, especially in a young or unvaccinated cat, contact your veterinarian immediately. Prompt care can make all the difference.

Can It Be Treated?

There’s no specific cure for feline panleukopenia, but supportive veterinary care can help a cat recover. Treatment often involves hospitalization, where the cat can receive IV fluids, medications to control vomiting, and antibiotics to prevent secondary infections. The earlier treatment begins, the better the chance of survival - though outcomes vary depending on age and immune status.

Unfortunately, many kittens who contract panleukopenia do not survive, especially if they are not treated quickly. That’s why prevention is key.

How Do You Prevent Panleukopenia?

Vaccination is the most effective way to protect your cat. The FPV vaccine is considered a core vaccine - recommended for all cats regardless of whether they live indoors or out. It’s typically given to kittens starting at 6–8 weeks of age, followed by booster shots every few weeks until they’re around 16 weeks old. Adult cats should receive booster shots as recommended by your veterinarian.

Keeping your cat indoors, practicing good hygiene, and avoiding contact with infected animals or contaminated objects can also help reduce the risk.

The Bottom Line

Feline panleukopenia is a serious and often life-threatening disease, but it’s also highly preventable. With routine vaccination and prompt veterinary care, you can dramatically reduce your cat’s risk of infection - and help keep your home safe for your feline companion.

If you’re bringing home a kitten or adopting a cat with an unknown medical history, talk to your vet about getting them vaccinated as soon as possible. It’s one of the simplest and most important steps you can take to protect their health.

Angela Vuckovic

A proud mama to seven dogs and ten cats, Angela spends her days writing for her fellow pet parents and pampering her furballs, all of whom are rescues. When she's not gushing over her adorable cats or playing with her dogs, she can be found curled up with a good fantasy book.

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What Is Feline Hyperesthesia Syndrome?

A condition that can prove to be uncomfortable in cats, feline hyperesthesia syndrome cause increased skin sensitivity. Feline hyperesthesia syndrome is also often referred to as twitch-skin syndrome, twitchy cat syndrome, rolling skin syndrome, atypical neurodermatitis, psychomotor epilepsy, and neuritis. No matter what you call it, though, it’s a condition that causes your kitty to feel increased sensitivity in the skin, so you can imagine how uncomfortable it can be. Check out the information below to learn more about feline hyperesthesia and what you can do if your cat has been diagnosed with it. Related: What Is Feline Whisker Fatigue? The Causes Feline hyperesthesia syndrome affects the skin, as well as the neuromuscular system and nervous system. Unfortunately, experts aren’t entirely sure about what the actual cause could be of this rare condition. Some experts believe that there might be a link between a seizure disorder and hyperesthesia, or that dry, itchy skin caused by a deficiency of omega-3 fatty acids in the diet might contribute to symptoms. Others have theorized that it’s a form of obsessive-compulsive disorder, or that it might be the result of a cat feeling stressed. Related: How To Relax A Stressed Cat The Symptoms Symptoms of feline hyperesthesia could develop at any age, and the condition can occur in all breeds. A cat that suffers from hyperesthesia syndrome might end up licking and biting her own body, such as her limbs, tail, and back. Here are some of the other signs that your cat might have hyperesthesia: The skin on your cat’s back might ripple from the shoulders to the tailYour cat might jump suddenly and turn towards her tail, as if there’s something bothering herYou might notice muscle twitching, tail twitching, and/or muscle spasmsYour cat might not like being touched on certain areas of her back when you go to pet herYour cat might behave erratically, seem agitated, and have dilated pupilsYour cat might cry out, hiss, or run suddenly, and you might think she’s hallucinating because it looks like she’s going after something that isn’t thereSevere cases may lead to self-mutilation through chewing, licking, pulling out fur, and biting. As a result, there might be lesions and infections that develop on the skin. Generally, these symptoms will occur in episodes that could last just a few seconds or a few minutes. In between the episodes, your kitty will act like nothing is wrong. Touching your cat in the wrong spot, though, might trigger an episode. The Treatments If your kitty starts exhibiting the signs of feline hyperesthesia syndrome, it’s a great idea to talk to your veterinarian, who will examine your pet and rule out other problems that have similar symptoms. If hyperesthesia is the cause of your cat’s symptoms, it’s important to know that there isn’t a definitive cure for this condition. Instead, your vet might recommend giving your pet prescription medications, such as anticonvulsants or antidepressants. Reducing your cat’s stress and anxiety levels through environmental enrichment may also be helpful, or you might be advised to make changes to your kitty’s diet. Plus, natural remedies, such as acupuncture, massage, and supplements, might be recommended, too. The Bottom Line Feline hyperesthesia is not well understood, but there are steps that you can take to help your cat get relief. Working closely with your vet is the ideal way to figure out what will work best for your kitty.

What Is Feline Cerebellar Hypoplasia?

A developmental disorder, Feline Cerebellar Hypoplasia affects the way a cat walks. Here’s what you should know about the illness and what can be done. If you’ve ever seen a cat, whether online, in a shelter, or on TV, who can’t quite walk straight, you may have already heard of feline cerebellar hypoplasia. But what is this condition, and is it something that a cat can live with? The Basics: What It Is and What Causes It Cerebellar hypoplasia is a developmental disorder that can affect cats. It occurs when the cerebellum, which is the part of the brain responsible for controlling coordination, balance, and fine motor skills, doesn’t develop as it should. Thankfully, feline cerebellar hypoplasia isn’t contagious, nor is it painful. Related: 7 Common Cat Health Problems This condition commonly afflicts kittens after a pregnant cat is infected with the panleukopenia virus. The infection is passed from the mother to the unborn kittens, and the virus ends up attacking cells that rapidly divide. It is during the last few weeks of a cat’s pregnancy, as well as the first weeks following a kitten’s birth, that the cerebellum experiences a period of fast development and growth. So, as you probably already guessed, that leaves the area susceptible to the virus’ attack. But this doesn’t mean that every kitten in a litter will be affected. In some cases, only one kitten might be impacted, while in other cases, an entire litter could be afflicted with cerebellar hypoplasia. Other potential causes include genetic factors, trauma, exposure to toxins, and nutritional deficiencies. For example, if a cat is malnourished while she is pregnant, cerebellar hypoplasia might develop in her kittens. The condition could also occur if a kitten endures trauma to the brain while the cerebellum is still developing. The Symptoms: What It Looks Like The symptoms associated with cerebellar hypoplasia might be apparent at birth or a short period of time after birth. However, symptoms will typically become even more obvious when a kitten starts to stand and walk. This is usually around the age of six weeks. Related: What Is Feline Distemper? The more the cerebellum was impacted, the more severe the symptoms will be. The severity of symptoms could also depend upon the stage of development during which the kitten was affected. Common symptoms of feline cerebellar hypoplasia include: Uncoordinated, clumsy, and unsteady walkingJerky movements, an inability to judge distance, flipping over, and fallingTremors (These go away while the animal sleeps. They can include head and limb tremors and intention tremors, which happen when the pet attempts to make a movement, such as during play or eating.)Swaying motions when walkingHypermetria (a “goose-stepping walk”) Diagnosis and Treatment: The Options Available Unfortunately, there isn’t a lab test that can detect cerebellar hypoplasia. Providing your veterinarian with a list of symptoms and a health history on your pet will be helpful during a physical exam. Your vet may also order a complete blood count, blood chemical profile, urinalysis, and electrolyte panel to determine if other causes might be the reason for your pet’s symptoms. And to check the size of the cerebellum (a kitten with cerebellar hypoplasia will have a smaller cerebellum), your vet may order an MRI. Also unfortunate is the fact that there is no treatment available for feline cerebellar hypoplasia, as it is the result of poor brain development. The disorder will be permanent, but cats can live a normal life and learn to adapt to getting around with this condition. Plus, following the infant stage, a kitten typically won’t exhibit signs that the disease is progressing or worsening. If your cat has cerebellar hypoplasia, what you can do is make adjustments to your home to help prevent accidents and injuries. You can have your pet neutered or spayed, and you can also have other cats in your household. However, a cat with cerebellar hypoplasia should be kept indoors at all times. Work with your vet to determine the severity of your pet’s symptoms and to figure out what measures can be taken to ensure your kitty can live a happy and comfortable life. CH Cats: Special Needs Pets That Are Full of Love In the end, kitties with cerebellar hypoplasia are just special needs pets that are full of love and deserving of homes. So if you’re willing to adopt a kitten or adult cat with CH, consider checking shelters and foster networks to find your new furry best friend.

What is Feline Acne?

Is that a zit on your cat’s face?! As unbelievable as it sounds, there is such a thing as Feline Acne. Cats can develop acne, but if it does occur on your kitty, it will most likely be found on the lower lip and chin. If your pet has feline acne, it could be a one-time thing, as some kitties may experience single episodes that end up resolving and not returning. However, there are other kitties who might have acne as a recurring condition for the duration of their lives. Every cat is different, so one kitty who has feline acne may have frequent flare-ups, while another may have less frequent flare-ups. Also, one cat’s flare-up may be more serious than another cat’s condition. Related: What Is Feline Whisker Fatigue? Having an understanding of feline acne will help you recognize it and work with your veterinarian to provide your pet with the appropriate treatment. What Causes Feline Acne? Hair follicles throughout your cat’s lower lip and chin could get clogged with sebum, and this may lead to acne on your kitty’s face. But in addition to clogged hair follicles, cats with acne might have a secondary bacterial infection as well. Although the exact cause of cat acne isn’t clear, there are a few factors that can lead to its development. For example, it might be the result of poor grooming habits or a suppressed immune system. Abnormalities in oil production or problems within the skin surface, such as hair follicles that don’t function properly, can also be factors. If your cat excessively grooms himself, to the point that his chin is rubbing on his fur repeatedly, this might also lead to acne. Other causes include contact and atopic dermatitis, as well as stress. Gender, breed, and age aren’t considered factors in whether or not your cat will get acne at any point in his life. Related: Understanding IBD in Cats What Does Feline Acne Look Like? Feline acne could result in whiteheads or blackheads, watery crusts, a swollen chin, and minor red pimples. Severe cases, however, could result in bleeding crusts, hair loss, pustules, nodules, and redness. There could also be itchiness or pain in severe cases. If you notice these symptoms, your vet may be able to diagnose the problem simply through a physical exam, though s/he might also perform a skin scraping or biopsy to rule out other conditions. Also, if your vet suspects that there is a secondary bacterial infection affecting your pet, a culture and sensitivity test might also be used. Treatment for Feline Acne If your cat is diagnosed with feline acne, the treatment will depend upon the cause and severity of the problem. Antiseptic cleansers, topical shampoos, and antibiotics may be recommended by your vet in order to thoroughly clean the infected area and clear up the acne. If your cat has a recurring acne problem, your vet might prescribe a long-term treatment plan. And if there is a secondary bacterial infection or a high amount of inflammation present, your vet will prescribe the appropriate medications. Talk to your vet about the cat bowls that you’re using, too, as certain materials could lead to allergic reactions, and a shallow dish rather than a deeper bowl might be helpful. Finally, if your kitty has acne as a result of poor grooming habits, or if your cat is prone to developing acne, you can help by cleaning his chin regularly. You can also start a cleansing program for extending the time between relapses if your cat suffers from acne a lot. Now that you know a bit about feline acne, you can keep an eye out for the signs that your kitty may be dealing with this condition. Because there are a variety of different possible causes for this skin problem, talk to your vet to figure out exactly what you should do to keep your cat’s skin healthy.

What Is Feline Leukemia?

Are you worried about feline leukemia and how it can affect your cat? Here’s what pet parents need to know about the deadly virus.Feline leukemia virus, or FeLV, is a retrovirus that affects felines all over the world. This cat disease is only second to trauma as the leading cause of death amongst felines, and it will kill roughly 85 percent of infected cats within three years.Similar to FIV, Feline leukemia causes a suppression of the immune system, so it can predispose a cat to other infections that can be deadly. But there is some good news: roughly 70 percent of felines that encounter FeLV will be able to resist it or eliminate it on their own.Let’s talk more about this virus, as well as steps you can take to help prevent infections.Related: Top 5 Reasons To Raise An Indoor CatTransmission of Feline LeukemiaCats who are infected with FeLV will shed the virus through their nasal secretions and saliva, as well as in their feces, urine, and blood. Mother cats can also pass the virus to their kittens before birth or through their milk.The virus can be transferred from one cat to another through bite wounds and grooming. Sharing litter boxes and food and water bowls can be another mode of transmission.Once outside a cat’s body, though, the virus will only last a few hours under normal conditions, so it doesn’t last long in the environment.Related: What Is FIV In Cats?Symptoms of Feline LeukemiaAccording to Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, FeLV is “the most common cause of cancer in cats.” Infection can also negatively affect your pet’s body in myriad other ways, including creating an immune deficient state that makes your cat susceptible to a host of other infections. The virus can also lead to blood disorders.A cat may not exhibit any symptoms in the early stages, but within weeks, months, or years, the animal’s health could deteriorate progressively or he may have recurring illnesses in between periods of health.During the primary, or early, stage of infection, some felines may have an effective immune response. These cats may be able to eliminate FeLV from their blood, thereby halting its progression.The secondary, or later, stage causes persistent infection of tissue and bone marrow. This is the point of no return, when the majority of felines with the virus will be infected for the rest of their lives.Some of the symptoms associated with Feline Leukemia include:Yellow color within the cat’s mouth and in the whites of the eyesPale gums and mucus membranesInflammation of the mouth and gumsEnlarged lymph nodesWeight loss that is slow but progressive at first, with severe wasting laterLoss of appetiteSkin, upper respiratory, and bladder infectionsPoor coat conditionFeverProgressive lethargy and weaknessDiarrheaDifficulty breathingReproductive issues in females who haven’t been spayedBehavior changes, neurological disorders, seizuresEye conditionsTreatments of Feline LeukemiaRegular checkups (twice a year) and preventive health care may help FeLV-positive cats feel well and prevent secondary infections, but 85 percent of felines who are persistently infected with this virus will die from it, usually within three years of being diagnosed. Secondary infections are treated as they occur, but there’s no cure for FeLV.Prevention of Feline LeukemiaIt’s important to note that a cat may be infected even if he appears healthy. And if he’s infected, he may transfer the virus to another cat. Therefore, having your cat tested before introducing him to the rest of your feline family is one way to prevent transmission.You should keep your cats indoors as much as possible to avoid them encountering other felines who may be infected with FeLV.There is a FeLV vaccination, though you should discuss the pros and cons of vaccinating your cat with your vet, who knows your pet best and can steer you in the right direction. Bear in mind that not every cat who’s vaccinated will be protected against FeLV, so you should still take steps to prevent exposure.

What Is Feline Whisker Fatigue?

Who knew that whiskers could get so tired? It’s true, and whisker fatigue could be causing your cat some serious stress around mealtimes. One of your cat’s many eye-catching features is her set of long whiskers. But did you know that whiskers aren’t just there to make your pet look super cute? And did you know that your kitty might end up experiencing a problem known as “whisker fatigue”? Whisker fatigue is something that a lot of cat owners have probably never heard of, but it could be making your kitty an unhappy feline. So, it’s important to have a general understanding of what this is all about, and it’s a good idea to become familiar with the signs of whisker fatigue. That way, you can help your furry friend feel better right away. To help you out, we’ve compiled some handy information below. Continue reading to learn about what whisker fatigue is, as well as what you can do to stop it. And, remember, if you aren’t sure if your cat is experiencing whisker fatigue or she isn’t acting like herself, it’s a great idea to have a chat with your vet to address all of your questions and concerns. First Off, What’s Whisker Fatigue? Your pet’s whiskers are more than just long, thick hairs that look adorable and perfectly complement your kitty’s face. You might not realize it, but those whiskers play a critical role, and they’re actually really impressive. Related: How Much Should I Feed My Cat? At the end of every whisker is a proprioceptor, which is a sensory organ that sends signals to the nervous system and brain. Proprioceptors are so sensitive that they can detect vibrations within the air, and they help your cat get around in dark rooms and tight spaces. Also, because felines are farsighted, whiskers give them what they need to essentially be able to see what’s in front of their faces. Incredible, right? Whiskers are pretty awesome, there is no denying that. But, because they are highly sensitive, over time, they can become stressed and fatigued after having a lot of unnecessary contact with objects, such as with the sides of a food bowl. This is when whisker fatigue might occur, and it isn’t something that you want your kitty to experience. Thankfully, there are steps you can take at home to help those whiskers feel good again. What Are the Symptoms of Whisker Fatigue? How can you tell if your feline companion is feeling whisker fatigue? Well, there are certain signs that you can look out for—just another reason to keep an eye on your pet every day to see if there are any changes in her behavior that need to be addressed. If your cat is exhibiting the following behaviors, she might be dealing with whisker fatigue, which can be annoying and painful: Pulling food out of the bowl to eat it on the floor insteadLeaving food behind in the bowl, despite still being hungryBehaving aggressively towards other pets while eatingMaking a mess with her food on the floorShowing signs of hunger, but hesitating to eat by pacing near her food bowl or standing next to it for some time prior to eating Note: As is the case with a lot of symptoms, these might also be signs that something else is wrong. If you aren’t sure whether whisker fatigue is to blame, you could always contact your veterinarian to discuss what’s going on with your cat and get some valuable advice and guidance on what to do next. What Can You Do? It’s All About the Bowls Thankfully, the solution for whisker fatigue is pretty simple, as it involves merely switching the type of food and water bowls that you’re using. This is because whisker fatigue can occur when the wrong type of bowl is used. What type of food and water bowls will make a difference? Well, the right bowl will be ergonomically appropriate for your kitty’s face, making eating a comfortable and enjoyable experience rather than a frustrating or painful one. Related: Tame Your Cat’s Hairballs with Wellness Natural Hairball Control Formula There are several cat food bowls on the market that are designed to relieve and prevent whisker fatigue, such as Dr. Catsby’s Feline Remedies bowl. But even if you don’t buy a product that is made specifically for whisker fatigue prevention, you can search for other food and water dishes and bowls that will provide the same type of relief. For instance, you can look for a food bowl that’s designed with a shallow, wide shape so your cat can easily access her food without having her whiskers stimulated or pulled back. The right design will also prevent your cat from having to painfully push her nose into the inside edges of the bowl in order to get to the food there. And, when it comes to water bowls, look for one that’s wide so your kitty can drink the water from the middle of the bowl without affecting the whiskers. With the wide variety of pet products that are out there these days, you can quickly find new bowls that your cat will feel comfortable using. So, the good news is it’s easy to help your pet enjoy her meals and snacks again. Choose the Right Material

9 Signs Your Pet Is Trying to Tell You Something Important

Pets communicate with us all the time, it just doesn’t involve words. From changes in behavior to subtle body language, they have their own ways of letting us know when something’s wrong or when they need something.Being able to recognize those signs can help you catch health or emotional issues early on.Here are 9 signs your pet might be trying to tell you something important.

How to Find a Lost Dog

It can happen in just a second, even to the most aware and responsible pet parents… the backyard gate is open, the front door was left open a crack, or perhaps a sudden noise startled them on a walk. But before you know it, they’re gone! That immediate, gut-wrenching panic and dread is a feeling no pet parent ever wants to experience. But the truth is, no matter how vigilant you are, it can happen to anyone. In those first terrifying moments, it’s completely natural to feel overwhelmed. It’s okay to acknowledge that fear and distress. However, while those emotions are valid, quick action is crucial. The moments immediately following the realization that your dog is missing are critical. This guide will help you navigate that critical time, equipping you with the knowledge and concrete steps you need to take to maximize your chances of a successful and heartwarming reunion with your pup. Why Every Second Counts When your dog goes missing, the clock starts ticking immediately. I’m not saying that to add to your anxiety, but to underscore an important truth: the chances of finding a lost dog drop significantly with each passing hour and day. While stories of incredible reunions after weeks or months do exist (like the heartwarming stories of pets being reunited with their people after the Eaton Fire), they sadly are the exception. The reality is that the longer your dog is gone, the further they may travel and the more dangers they may encounter, making a reunion more challenging. Understanding the typical instinctual behavior of a lost dog can help you better understand the urgency:Fear and disorientation: A lost dog is often scared and disoriented. Even the most well-trained pup may not respond to their name or familiar commands while experiencing this state of panic. Their world has suddenly become unfamiliar and threatening, which can be overwhelming. Flight response: Many dogs will activate a “flight” response due to intense fear. If they feel threatened (which could result even just by you calling their name too loudly or approaching them too quickly), they may run further away, putting more distance between themselves and safety.Hiding: A frightened dog will often look for safe shelter. This could mean hiding under cars, in dense bushes, under porches, in culverts, in open sheds and garages, or any secluded spot that offers a sense of security from the unknown around them. Beyond their fear-driven actions, which could quickly make the situation far more dangerous, lost dogs face many dangers loose in an unfamiliar environment. This includes: Traffic accidents: Roads pose an immediate and severe threat. Exposure to the elements: Depending on the weather, dehydration, extreme heat, or freezing temperatures can quickly become life-threatening. Injury from other animals or environmental hazards: They might encounter aggressive wildlife, predators, other domestic animals, or injure themselves on fences, sharp objects, or uneven terrain. Ingesting harmful substances: Lost dogs, driven by hunger or thirst, may consume toxic plants, garbage, or chemicals like antifreeze. Theft: While less common than other dangers on this list, the possibility of someone taking your dog, especially if they are a desirable breed, does exist. This is why experts in locating and trapping lost dogs emphasize the importance of the first 24 to 48 hours after your dog goes missing. Acting quickly and strategically during this window significantly increases the likelihood of a successful and timely reunion. Immediate Actions: What to Do in the First HourThe moment you realize your dog is missing, your mind can start racing, and panic can set in. While it’s easier said than done, the most important thing to do in this moment is to take a deep breath and focus. Panicking can cloud your judgment, whereas clear thinking will allow you to take the steps necessary to increase the chances of bringing your dog home safely. Designate a Command CenterIf more than one person is involved with your search, “Command Center” will be important. Ideally, one person should remain at home or the last known location for this purpose. This person can answer phone calls, prepare digital alerts, and be ready in case your dog returns on their own. The other person, or persons, should immediately head out to begin the physical search, checking in with the command center regularly. The Physical Search: Using the Grid MethodYour initial physical search of the area should use the popular “Grid Method,” starting at your dog’s last known location and carefully expanding that area outwards. Call their name loudly and clearly, using familiar commands they associate with positive experiences like “treat” or “come” to entice them to come out of hiding. Bring familiar scents with you. A favorite toy, a piece of their bedding, or even your unwashed clothing can offer a comforting and recognizable smell that might help draw them out or provide a scent trail for them to follow home. As you search, think like a dog: where would they go if they were scared or curious? Check dense bushes, under parked cars, open fields, or areas near water sources. If there are familiar places within your search area (like a dog park or a friend’s house you visit frequently), pay careful attention to those spots. Don’t forget to meticulously check any potential hiding spots you come across, such as under decks, inside sheds, within thick shrubbery, or even culverts. After all, your pup may be too nervous or fearful to come out even if they hear you calling. Alert Your Neighbors and Local Community Begin contacting your neighbors and the local community as part of your search. Knock on doors immediately in your direct vicinity, explaining the situation, providing a clear description or picture of your dog, and asking them to keep an eye out. Request that they check any garages or sheds where your dog may be hiding. Ask each person you speak with to call your Command Center if they see anything. The more eyes and ears you have on the ground quickly, the better.Prepare for Digital OutreachWhile the physical search is underway, the person at the “Command Center” should be preparing the information necessary for digital outreach. Gather a few recent, clear photos of your dog. Also, compile all relevant information, including: your dog’s breed(s), size, color, distinguishing marks, collar/harness information, and their microchip number. Having this ready will make posting online or contacting official channels quicker and easier.

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For many new rescue pet parents, the joy of welcoming an animal into their lives comes with the hope of companionship and connection. But what happens when a beloved pet faces a significant challenge in their new home? One heartwarming story out of Arizona is capturing the attention of animal loves across the globe, showcasing the incredible adaptability and loving nature of a deaf rescue dog who, after a little time and adjustment, found a unique and vital role on the family farm. Evie, a deaf Pitbull, was rescued by Valley of the Sun Dog Rescue after a difficult start to life. Farm owner Allison Thomison initially fostered the eight-week-old pup but soon realized that Evie had no intention of leaving – she was destined to stay. However, being completely deaf presented some initial hurdles when adapting to farm life. As Thomison shared, “I used to say that she served no purpose on the farm as she would dig holes in my garden, escape the fence to befriend the neighbor’s donkeys, swim in the cow water trough, and cause general happy havoc.” Essentially, her new dog parents viewed her as “purely ornamental,” often more of a playful disruptor than a helper. Despite these initial challenges, one of Evie’s strengths from the beginning was her sociability. She had an incredible ability to connect with others, which, in time, blossomed into a new purpose for this next chapter in her life – the sick or orphaned baby animals. When asked about Evie’s role on the farm, Thomison describes Evie’s dedication with pride in the pup’s big heart and love for others. “Evie is always caring for her baby goat, sheep, several cows, ducks, and chickens. She cleans them, follows them around, and keeps them safe.” It seems Evie has a natural talent for understanding which animals need extra attention. She will lie patiently by a sick calf, grooming it for houses, and carefully herd the young animals to safety when needed. In particular, she has a special bond with an orphaned goat named Branch, with whom she shares a particularly close bond. Thomison has shared heartwarming videos on her TikTok account ( @filmofmilkandhoney) documenting Evie’s journey from being a new rescue unsure of her place on the farm to discovering her purpose – a journey that has resonated with pet lovers around the world. One clip showcasing Evie’s newfound purpose went viral, racking up hundreds of thousands of views, over 20K likes, and more than 1K shares. Commenters on the video have been quick to praise Evie’s gentle nature and the crucial role she has adopted.

Symptoms of Seasonal Allergies in Dogs

Just like humans, dogs can suffer from seasonal allergies triggered by environmental factors such as pollen, mold, and dust mites. These allergies, also known as atopic dermatitis, often flare up during specific times of the year, causing discomfort and irritation. Recognizing the symptoms early can help pet owners manage their dog’s condition and improve their quality of life.Common Symptoms of Seasonal AllergiesSeasonal allergies primarily affect a dog’s skin, but they can also impact the respiratory system and digestive tract. Here are some key symptoms to watch for:Excessive Itching and Scratching: One of the most noticeable signs of allergies is persistent itching. Dogs may scratch, bite, or lick themselves, especially around their paws, ears, belly, and armpits.Red, Inflamed Skin: Allergic reactions can lead to skin irritation, causing redness, rashes, or hot spots that may worsen if left untreated.Ear Infections: Dogs with seasonal allergies are prone to ear infections, which present as head shaking, ear scratching, and a foul odor coming from the ears.Watery Eyes and Nasal Discharge: Allergies can cause runny eyes and sneezing, similar to hay fever in humans.Paw Chewing and Licking: Many allergic dogs obsessively chew or lick their paws, leading to irritation and even secondary infections.Hair Loss: Constant scratching and licking can result in thinning fur or bald patches, particularly in areas where the dog frequently rubs or bites.Respiratory Issues: Although less common, some dogs may develop coughing, wheezing, or labored breathing due to airborne allergens.Digestive Upset: While food allergies are more commonly linked to gastrointestinal issues, some dogs with seasonal allergies may experience occasional vomiting or diarrhea.When to See a VeterinarianIf your dog exhibits any of these symptoms for more than a few days, it’s important to consult a veterinarian. Allergies can often be mistaken for other conditions like fungal infections, parasites, or bacterial dermatitis. A vet can help determine whether seasonal allergies are the cause and recommend appropriate treatments.Managing Seasonal Allergies in DogsWhile seasonal allergies cannot be cured, they can be managed effectively with the right approach:

7 Tailless Cat Breeds: From Bobtails to No Tails

When you think of a cat, you envision a cute little animal with big round eyes, pointy ears, and a long tail, right? But it turns out that some cats have short tails or no tails at all. Of course, this gives them a unique appearance, but when it comes to their demeanor and other traits, they’re just like other cats. If you’re interested in learning about some of the many tailless cat breeds, keep reading—the following breeds are recognized by The Cat Fanciers’ Association (CFA) and/or The International Cat Association (TICA).

How Can I Tell If My Hamster Is Happy?

Hamsters may be tiny, but they’ve got big personalities - and they can bring a surprising amount of joy to your home. But unlike dogs or cats, hamsters don’t always show how they’re feeling in obvious ways. For new owners, it can be tricky to tell if your little buddy is thriving or just getting by.So, how do you know if your hamster is happy? The good news is, there are plenty of signs you can look for, once you know what to watch.1. They’re Active and CuriousHamsters are nocturnal, which means their “day” starts when yours winds down. A happy hamster will be active in the evening and nighttime hours - running on their wheel, digging, climbing, and exploring their enclosure.

Gardening Tips for Pet Parents

When spring returns, it’s the right time to get outside and start tending to your garden. But if you have pets who will be out there with you, it’s important to know that there are many hazards that can pose a risk to their health.

Budget-Friendly DIY Rabbit Enrichment Ideas for Every Bunny Parent

As a dedicated rabbit parent, your commitment to providing the very best for your furry companion is undeniable. You want them to thrive, not just survive. That is where the world of mental enrichment comes in. But why is it that when you walk the aisles of your local pet store, all the enrichment toys and products seem to be made for dogs and cats? The good news is that providing excellent enrichment doesn’t require special toys or a hefty budget. In fact, many of the most engaging toys and activities for your bunny can be created using items you have lying around your home. In this post, I’ll explain why enrichment is so important for your rabbit’s overall well-being and share a list of fun, budget-friendly ideas that will have your bunny hopping with joy in no time! When Enrichment Matters for Your BunnyWe often see trends or buzzwords pop up in the pet space, trying to convince us that something is important or necessary for our furry family members. But enrichment is more than that… It is truly a game-changer for your rabbit’s health and happiness. Here’s why: Mimicking Natural Behaviors In the wild, rabbits are high-energy creatures and are constantly on the move. They spend much of their time foraging for food, exploring their surroundings, digging intricate networks of burrows, and interacting with their environment. These aren’t just random activities; they are deeply ingrained instincts. Domestication, while providing these sweet pets with a safe and comfortable home, often limits these outlets. Confined to enclosures, even spacious ones, our pet rabbits can miss out on the mental and physical stimulation they would enjoy from these natural behaviors. By recognizing this, we can find ways to replicate these opportunities and provide safe outlets to fulfill these instinctual needs within the safety of their own home (your home). Combating Boredom and Stress Like us, our rabbits can experience boredom when they aren’t given sufficient stimulation. This lack of mental engagement can lead to a variety of negative behaviors and signs of stress. Signs of bunny boredom include: Excessive grooming, sometimes to the point of creating bald patches Lethargy Lack of interest in their surroundings Sitting hunched in a ball Persistent chewing on cage bars or inappropriate household itemsDigging in their enclosure or beddingRepetitive, seemingly aimless pacing or restlessness Out-of-character escape attempts Making a grunting noise Aggressive behaviors, including nipping or biting Enrichment provides crucial mental stimulation, offering them entertainment, puzzles to solve, new scents and textures to explore, and challenges to overcome. This reduces their boredom and promotes a calmer, more content mindset. Promoting Better Physical Health We often discuss the mental health implications of enrichment, but it also plays a vital role in promoting physical health. Encouraging movement and activity helps prevent the development of obesity, a common and growing serious health concern in domestic rabbits (and, quite honestly, nearly all pets in the US). Regular activity can be encouraged by providing enrichment opportunities, like exploring tunnels, hopping over obstacles, and reaching for hanging treats, all of which help keep their muscles strong and their cardiovascular system healthy. Some enrichment items contribute to your rabbit’s dental. A rabbit’s teeth continuously grow. In the wild, they wear down their teeth by chewing on grasses, hay, and other abrasive surfaces, but not all food provided to domesticated rabbits will fill this need. You can provide your bunny with safe and appropriate items to chew on, such as untreated wood or cardboard, to meet this need and prevent painful dental issues. Strengthening the Human-Animal Bond Engaging in enrichment activities with your rabbit is a great way to spend quality time together and strengthen that all-too-special human-animal bond. When you take the time to create a new puzzle toy, design a foraging box, or simply observe and interact with your rabbit as they explore their enrichment environment, you’re building trust and deepening your connection. Watching their curiosity and problem-solving skills in action is not only rewarding for you but also creates positive associations with your presence. These shared moments of play and discovery are a great way to boost your relationship and build the long-lasting bond we all want to enjoy with our furry family members. DIY Enrichment Ideas: Foraging Fun Foraging is a deeply ingrained natural behavior for rabbits, extending beyond simply searching for their food. In the wild, rabbits will spend much of their day searching for, selecting, and acquiring their meals. This process is highly stimulating, engaging many senses, including smell, sight, and touch. It also helps to keep their minds actively engaged. By providing opportunities for foraging in their home environment, we can tap into these instincts and give our bunnies crucial mental enrichment. Here are a few ways to create foraging opportunities at home: Treat Balls/RollersTurn simple cardboard tubes, such as those from toilet paper or paper towels, into engaging treat dispensers. Cut a few small holes in the tube and place hay or small, healthy treats inside. When given to your bunny, they will need to nudge, roll, and manipulate the tube to release the tasty rewards. Of course, you should always prioritize safety. If you are using glue, do so sparingly, or simply fold the ends of the tubes to securely keep the goodies contained. Hay Boxes/Digging Boxes Repurpose larger cardboard boxes to create stimulating digging and burrowing opportunities. Fill these boxes with rabbit-friendly textures like loose hay, shredded plain paper, or safe, untreated soil. This provides both physical activity and a chance to tap into their natural sense of curiosity and exploration. Different textures also offer a more satisfying tactile experience. Cardboard Castles/Tunnels Encourage exploration and discovery by creating simple structures from larger cardboard boxes. By cutting openings and connecting boxes, you can build tunnels, hiding spots, and multi-room “castles” that offer a change of scenery and opportunities for your rabbit to hop through, hide, and feel secure. Is your rabbit hesitant to explore their new fort? Consider using small treats to create a trail guiding them through the space. Once they have checked out and seen every corner, they will be far more likely to embrace their new castle.

Snacks vs Treats vs Food - How to Get the Calorie Combo Right.

(photo credit: ValeriyPH / shutterstock.com)Do you know what the optimal calorie intake is for the size of dog you live with? Most pet parents don’t, so here’s a snapshot. Keep in mind, that this is a general estimate that doesn’t take into account your dog’s activity level, whether they have been neutered or spayed, their breed, or their age.The average caloric requirement for dogs to not only maintain their weight but remain healthy breaks down as follows: for dogs under 20 pounds, it’s around 320-480 calories per day. That increases to 640-800 calories daily for dogs between 20 and 50 pounds. Larger breeds, closer to 70 pounds can consume between 960 and 1120 calories while dogs over 70 pounds will require 1100 to 1350 calories every day to maintain their weight and health.Whether your dog has a set meal period or you’ve opted for free-feeding (meaning he can graze throughout the day as hunger strikes), adding treats and snacks to his diet will inevitably happen, right? The difference is a snack is something healthy and substantial to tide him through between meals. For a human, it could be hummus and carrot sticks or an apple and cheese. You know, tasty and protein-rich to fill you up for a couple of hours. It’s the same with dogs. Particularly if he’s heavily active and needs an energy boost.But then there are the treats which, just like they sound, are mini-indulgences that we all look forward to from time to time and can be prone to overdoing.Now, when you worked out the optimal caloric intake for your dog, your first thought may have been that this opens the door for a heck of a lot of those little treats he loves to scarf down.But keep the lid on that goodie jar! Let’s apply the 10% rule that veterinarians from across the land have espoused to their clients for years. It states that treats should never make up more than 10% of your dog’s daily calorie intake.That instantly reduces treat consumption for mini mutts to under 50 calories. For larger dogs, less than 135 calories should be attributed to their daily treats.For context, a one-inch cube of cheddar cheese has around 69 calories. Well beyond what a smaller pooch is allowed to consume in a given day. And, if you toss your larger pooch a couple of cubes at a time, more than what he should be given as well. See how that math works?

Do Cats and Dogs Really Hate Each Other?

Cats and dogs are often portrayed as mortal enemies in cartoons, movies, and pop culture. From Tom chasing Spike to a hissing feline arching its back at an excited pup, the trope of cats and dogs hating each other is deeply ingrained in our cultural imagination. But is this rivalry rooted in reality, or is it just fiction?

A Grooming Brush with Steam? Count Me In!

(photo credit: Julie Zavalishina / shutterstock.com)My trio of gal pals love a good romp at the leash-free park. And while a robust brushing will usually dislodge the bits of twigs and dried leaves they bring home, those muddy paws and stinky coats often require a trip upstairs and the dreaded bath. But let’s be honest, the sound of running water and the pop of the shampoo bottle cap is such a buzz-kill after a fun day out at the park.Now, I’ve always believed that dogs don’t need regular baths. In fact, it’s best not to lather them up too often because it depletes their natural oils and can result in dry skin and dull coats. While typically that’s the case, there are certain breeds that do require more in-depth cleaning (translation: baths). That’s because they have oilier skin that, if not kept clean, will start to smell funky over time and could develop into a flaky, itchy skin condition called seborrhea. Breeds such as Yorkshire terriers, Basset Hounds, German Shepherds, Cocker spaniels, and even Golden Retrievers will all benefit from regular baths.But for those in-between times where brushing isn’t enough yet a bath isn’t really necessary, there’s something called a steam brush that works wonders on both dogs and cats. Just like it sounds, the brush component works to remove loose hair and debris – just like a regular brush - but when you activate the steamer feature, you get a gentle stream of mist. It’s ideal for taking grooming sessions to the next level when it comes to eliminating loose hair and dust from your pet’s coat. And for longer-haired cats, it helps reduce their need to over-groom and brings an end to hairballs.For me, I love that you can combine your pet’s love of grooming (what pet doesn’t?) with a deeper clean. And because these units are anti-static, they naturally eliminate loose fluff from flying around the house.

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