What is the Best Litter for My Cat? Understanding Litter Types

What’s the Best Litter for My Pet Rat?

Choosing the right litter for your pet rat is more important than it might seem. A good litter not only keeps their cage clean and odor-free, but also plays a big role in your rat’s comfort, health, and overall well-being.Rats are clean, intelligent animals, and their habitat needs to reflect that. The type of bedding or litter you choose will affect everything from air quality to how much your rat enjoys digging and nesting - so it’s worth getting right.Let’s break down the best (and worst) litter options, and how to make the best choice for your furry companion.Why Litter MattersLitter serves several key functions in your rat’s enclosure:Absorbs urine and controls odorKeeps the cage cleaner and easier to maintainEncourages natural behaviors like digging and burrowingSupports respiratory health by minimizing dust and irritantsBecause rats have sensitive lungs and are prone to respiratory issues, choosing a safe, low-dust, non-toxic litter is essential - not optional.Best Litter Options for Pet Rats1. Paper-Based Bedding

What Is The Best Cat Litter For Your Kitty?

There are many kinds of kitty litter on the market. To pick the best cat litter for you and your kitty, you need to know the different types out there. Your kitty uses the litter box multiple times a day, and the dust that accumulates on his fur and paws will inevitably be ingested when he grooms himself. Therefore, many pet parents are concerned about the safety of the litter that they use, and they want to choose the best, and purest, options for their kitties. Other pet owners are concerned about the costs of the cat litter they’ll purchase, or with how eco-friendly the product will be. To address these consumer concerns and demands, there are a variety of manufacturers producing different types, so you can choose the one that’s the best cat litter for your special kitty. Clay Litter Clay litter, in its clumping or non-clumping form, is the most popular and well known form of kitty litter. It’s known for its ability to absorb urine very well, and for forming tight clumps when using the clumping variety. Related: 5 Big Differences Between Cats and Dogs Despite its popularity, there is quite a bit of controversy surrounding the use of clay litter. While many pet parents love it, others avoid it completely. For example, because clay is strip mined, it has a detrimental effect upon the environment. And because it isn’t biodegradable, it accumulates in landfills. For pet parents who are trying to lead a “greener” lifestyle, these are good enough reasons to make the switch to a more natural, biodegradable cat litter. There are also some health concerns, for both people and their cats, when it comes to clay-based litters. Some individuals are worried that the dust may be harmful when inhaled. And sodium bentonite expands when it comes into contact with liquids, so there are concerns that a cat may encounter health problems after ingesting clumping clay litter, which can form a mass in the digestive tract. Many cat owners use clay litter without any problems, but for those who are uneasy about the potential adverse health effects, a different type of litter may be suitable. Related: Create A Cat-Friendly Home Plant-Based and Newspaper Litter As more feline guardians become concerned about the health of their kitties and the environment, popular litter manufacturers have responded by releasing a variety of plant-based options, as well as litter made from recycled newspaper. Commonly made from pine, cedar, corn, walnuts, and wheat, plant-based options provide the same clumping action as clay litter, as well as odor elimination, but you may need to try out a few different brands before finding the product that works best for you. These litters are also biodegradable, so they aren’t as detrimental to the environment as clay litters. Silica Litter Yet another modern option is silica cat litter, which is commonly referred to as crystal litter. The silica gel is highly absorbent and controls odors, making it a good alternative to clay litter. And this type of litter may also produce less dust. However, many pet parents are just as concerned about ingestion of the silica as they are about clay. Clumping, Non-Clumping, and Pellet Litter Many people prefer clumping litter over non-clumping varieties, but again, this all depends upon your preferences, as well as your cat’s preferences. Non-clumping litter is often recommended for kittens, but once your kitty is old enough to make the switch to clumping, you can choose from the many natural varieties or traditional clay options on the market. And there are also natural pellet litters that break down as moisture comes into contact with them, yet produce hardly any dust and can also reduce tracking. If you do decide to change the type of litter that you are using, give your kitty some time to adjust. Rather than making a switch from one product to another abruptly, gradually add the new litter in with the old so that your cat can become accustomed to it without being stressed to the point that he may avoid using the box altogether.

Is Your Cat Hiding Their Pain? 10 Subtle Signs to Watch For

As cat parents, we want the best for our furry best friends. But, ensuring they are always feeling their best can be challenging. Cats, by nature, are masters of disguise, skilled at hiding any sign that they may not be well as a survival tactic. In the wild, showing weakness would make them vulnerable. In our homes, hiding their pain can make it challenging to recognize when something’s wrong. oThat’s why understanding the subtle signs of feline discomfort is so vital. Recognizing your cat is in pain allows you to seek help from your veterinarian, identifying the problem and giving them much-needed relief.This post will explore 10 key signs that your cat might be hiding from pain, from changes in grooming and eating habits to shifts in behavior and sleeping patterns, empowering you to better understand and care for your best friend.Sign 1: Changes in Grooming HabitsCats are known for being incredibly clean animals, spending a large portion of their day cleaning and maintaining their coats. If you notice your cat’s grooming habits have changed, it could be a telltale sign they are in pain.They may suddenly neglect their grooming because the pain prevents them from bending or moving in the ways necessary to keep up with it, resulting in matted fur or an unkempt appearance. For example, a cat suffering from arthritis might have a difficult time reaching their back or hips, leading to matted fur in that area.On the other hand, you may notice that your cat is over-grooming, mainly focused on a specific spot, like excessive licking, rubbing, or pawing at the location of their pain. This can result in hot spots, bald spots, or skin irritation. For example, if your cat has injured their paw, you may notice they are specifically licking that paw to the point of creating further skin problems. Sign 2: Changes in Eating or Drinking HabitsAnother regular aspect of your cat’s life that could be disrupted by pain is your cat’s eating habits. You may even see your cat approach their food bowl, sniff it, and turn away without eating. Loss of appetite is a common sign of trouble, often caused by dental pain, nausea, or general discomfort. A cat with a cracked or broken tooth may avoid chewing, while aches or pains in their body when trying to bend down to reach the food dish can discourage them from eating.It’s equally important to monitor your cat’s drinking habits. Both increased and decreased thirst could signal distress. A cat who suddenly starts drinking more water may be experiencing kidney problems or diabetes, while decreased thirst often accompanies nausea or other internal issues.Sign 3: Changes in Litter Box BehaviorHave you noticed your once litter-trained cat is suddenly having unwanted “accidents” around the house? A cat experiencing pain and discomfort may have difficulty entering or exiting the litter box, especially if it has high sides. Arthritis can make it painful for your cat to squat or position themselves properly to go to the bathroom. In some cases, this can lead to your cat associating the litter box with pain, especially if they experience discomfort while using it. This may discourage them from using the litter box in the future.Another warning sign could be changes in how often they go to the bathroom. For example, frequent, small amounts of urine or straining to pee could indicate a urinary tract infection. At the same time, difficulty defecating could mean your cat is experiencing constipation or other abdominal pain.Recognizing these changes and patterns clearly indicates that something is “off.”Sign 4: Reduced Activity or MobilityA cat may adjust or reduce movement or activity due to feelings of pain or discomfort. For example, a cat in pain might avoid activities they once enjoyed, like jumping onto your couch or bed, climbing their scratch post, or playing with their favorite toys.This reluctance could stem from several sources, including arthritis, joint pain, or muscle injuries. These conditions could make even the simplest movements more painful, leading your cat to conserve energy, avoid too much activity, and show a general disinterest in their usual routine.You may also notice your cat is starting to sleep more than usual, as rest becomes their primary way of coping with the discomfort they are experiencing. Any sudden or gradual decrease in your cat’s normal activities should be considered a potential red flag.Sign 5: Changes in Posture or MovementPain can significantly impact a cat’s posture and how they walk, also known as their gait. You may notice your cat hunching their back, limping, or moving with an unusual stiffness. These changes in how they hold themselves or move can be caused by a variety of painful conditions, such as arthritis, neurological problems, or recent injuries.For example, a cat with arthritis may hunch or stand differently to relieve pressure on their sore joints, while a cat with a paw injury might shift their weight off the affected paw to avoid causing further pain, resulting in a limp.Sign 6: Increased Vocalization Whether your cat is naturally chatty or generally a quieter housemate, any changes in their vocal patterns could be an attempt to communicate with you. While cats are known for their meows and purrs, pain could lead to an increase or decrease in vocalization. A cat experiencing pain and discomfort may meow, hiss, or growl, especially when touched or moved. Conversely, they could become unusually quiet, especially if vocalizing itself is painful. A sudden increase in yowling, particularly at night, or a sharp, pained cry when touched are more likely signals that something’s wrong than a typical meow for food or attention. Learning to distinguish between normal cat vocalizations and those associated with pain is key!

Why Can't My Cat Pee? Understanding Urinary Blockages

One of the most terrifying and often misunderstood emergencies that cat parents may encounter is a urinary blockage. It’s not just a simple accident outside the litter box or a minor discomfort when using the bathroom; it’s a critical, life-threatening situation that can escalate fast. That’s why it’s so important to be familiar with the urgent warning signs and know how to act quickly.This guide will walk you through everything you need to know, from the earliest clues to watch out for to steps you can take to prevent a urinary blockage from occurring in the first place. While we can’t promise you’ll never face this frightening condition, we ensure you have the information necessary to address the problem properly and give your best friend the best quality of life.What Exactly is a Urinary Blockage in Cats? Let’s start at the beginning. A cat urinary blockage is a condition that occurs when something blocks the urethra (the narrow tube that carries urine from the bladder out of the body). Picture a kink in a garden hose, preventing the water from flowing through. In a cat, this means urine backs up in the bladder, which can become painfully full and swollen. Not only does this cause a lot of discomfort, but it can also be incredibly dangerous when the bladder can’t empty. Toxins that would usually be flushed out in the urine begin to build up in the bloodstream. This can lead to kidney damage, electrolyte imbalances, and even potentially cause a bladder rupture. Any cat can experience a urinary blockage, but male cats are particularly at risk. This is due to their anatomy: a male cat’s urethra is much longer and narrower than a female’s, making it easier for even small obstructions to get lodged and cause a complete blockage. Watch Out for These Signs of TroubleYour cat’s litter box is often the first place you’ll notice a problem. Paying careful attention while cleaning their box can literally save their life! Some litter box-related warning signs include: Straining to Pee: This is the most common and critical sign. You might notice your cat is squatting repeatedly in the litter box, often for extended periods, but producing little to no urine. They may vocalize, cry out, or grunt while attempting to go. Frequent Trips to the Litter Box: Your cat might go in and out of the litter box multiple times within a short period, appearing anxious or restless, often without success.  Accidents Outside the Litter Box: If your cat, who is typically well litter-trained, suddenly starts peeing outside the box in places like the bathtub or on laundry, it’s likely not just “bad behavior.” These accidents are a sign of discomfort or a medical issue. Look for small puddles, even just drops, to identify that a urinary blockage could be responsible. Behavioral and Physical Warning SignsBeyond the litter box, a blocked cat will often show other signs of pain or distress, especially as the condition worsens. Here are a few changes to watch out for:  Vocalization: Your cat may be more talkative than usual, crying, howling, or meowing excessively, especially when attempting to use the litter box or if you touch their abdomen. This is a sign they are in pain. Restlessness or Hiding: A cat in pain may become restless, start pacing, or be unable to settle. On the other end of the spectrum, some cats will hide when feeling uncomfortable. Weakness or Loss of Energy: As toxins build up in their system, your cat will become lethargic, weak, and depressed. You may notice they lose interest in their favorite activities, play toys, or even physical interaction with their person (you). Abdominal Pain or Bloating: If you gently feel your cat’s lower abdomen (behind their hind legs), it may feel hard, firm, or bloated due to a full, painful bladder. Your cat will likely try to pull away or react negatively to being touched in this area. Vomiting and Loss of Appetite: These are later signs, indicating that toxins have built up to the point of significantly impacting their system. When a cat reaches this stage, they are experiencing serious medical complications. The “No Urine” Red Flag If your cat is straining repeatedly and producing no urine at all for several hours, this is a serious and life-threatening emergency. Do not wait! Call your veterinarian or the nearest emergency clinic immediately. What Causes Urinary Blockages? Urinary blockages are often part of a broader condition known as Feline Lower Urinary Tract Disease (FLUTD), an umbrella term used to describe several disorders that affect a cat’s bladder and urethra. In many cases, the exact cause of FLUTD isn’t found. Experts say it is often a combination of contributing factors, including: Diet: Cats on an exclusively dry food diet often have lower water intake, leading to more concentrated urine, which can increase the risk of crystals forming. Diets high in certain minerals (like magnesium and phosphorus) can also increase the risk. Finally, diets that don’t promote an ideal urine pH may increase the risk of crystals and bladder stones. Water Intake: Dehydration is incredibly common in cats. This could be due to a dry food-only diet or a reluctance to drink enough water throughout the day. Stress: Environmental stress is a massive trigger for FLUTD flare-ups. Stress may be caused by changes in routine, new pets, changes to the family members in your home, household conflict, home renovations, or even a dirty litter box.  Obesity: Overweight cats may be at a higher risk for urinary issues. Genetics: Some individual cats or breeds (like Persians and Himalayans) may be genetically more likely to develop urinary problems.

Why Is My Pet Bird Losing Feathers?

Feather loss in pet birds can be alarming. Their vibrant plumage is part of what makes them so striking - and when feathers start falling out unexpectedly, it’s often a sign that something’s wrong. While some feather loss is completely normal, other cases may point to a health issue, environmental stress, or behavioral problem.Here’s what you need to know about the most common causes.Molting: Normal Feather LossThe most common reason birds lose feathers is molting, which is a natural process where old or damaged feathers are replaced by new ones. Most pet birds molt once or twice a year, and it can last for several weeks.During molting:You’ll see feathers at the bottom of the cageNew “pin feathers” may poke through the skinYour bird may seem a bit less active but should still be eating and behaving normallyWhen to worry: If the feather loss seems uneven, happens outside of molting season, or is focused in certain areas, it could be a sign of something else.Stress and Environmental FactorsBirds are highly sensitive to changes in their surroundings. Stress can lead to a behavioral issue called feather plucking, where the bird pulls out its own feathers.Possible stressors include:Loud noises or sudden changes in routineBoredom or lack of enrichmentA new pet or person in the householdInadequate lighting or poor cage placementDrafty rooms or fluctuating temperaturesBirds need a consistent day/night cycle, a quiet and safe environment, and regular mental stimulation to stay healthy - both physically and emotionally.

How to Help a Pet Adjust After Moving to a New Home

Moving to a new home is a big deal - a fresh start, new surroundings, and, let’s be honest, a whole lot of chaos. While it might be exciting for you, it can be pretty overwhelming for your pet.Animals are creatures of habit. They rely on familiar routines and safe spaces, so when everything around them suddenly changes, it’s normal for them to feel stressed, anxious, or even act out. But with a little planning, patience, and love, you can help your pet feel at home in their new space - and even enjoy the adventure along the way.Here’s how to make the transition easier for them (and for you).Start Preparing Before the MoveThe adjustment process doesn’t start on moving day - it starts before the first box is packed.Try to:Stick to your pet’s usual routine for feeding, walks, and play. Familiarity = comfort.Keep their things where they are for as long as possible. Bedding, toys, and bowls should be the last things you pack.Introduce travel crates or carriers early. If your pet isn’t used to one, give them time to explore and get comfortable with it beforehand. Add a favorite blanket or treat to create positive associations.The more you can maintain normalcy in the lead-up to the move, the better your pet will handle the changes ahead.

What Are Symptoms of Anxiety in Dogs?

Just like humans, dogs can experience stress and anxiety due to various factors - separation from their owners, loud noises, unfamiliar environments, or even past trauma. While occasional nervousness is normal, chronic anxiety can lead to behavioral and health issues. Recognizing the signs early allows you to take steps to ease your dog's distress and improve their overall well-being.Common Signs of Anxiety in DogsDogs show anxiety in different ways, ranging from subtle body language changes to more obvious behavioral problems. Here are some key symptoms to watch for:Behavioral SignsExcessive Barking or Whining – If your dog frequently whines, howls, or barks, especially when left alone, it could be a sign of separation anxiety.

Things You Should Know as a First-Time Cat Parent

Are you planning on sharing your home with a cat for the very first time in your life? Congrats on becoming a new cat parent! But there are some things you should know about kitties so you can take great care of them and understand them better. Here’s a brief guide to get started.  

What’s the Easiest Lizard to Take Care Of?

Reptiles are becoming increasingly popular as pets, and lizards are often a top choice for beginners. While they might seem exotic or high-maintenance at first glance, several lizard species are actually quite low-effort and beginner-friendly. The key is choosing a species that’s hardy, adaptable, and not too demanding when it comes to feeding, habitat setup, or handling. So, what’s the easiest lizard to care for? Let’s take a closer look.Leopard Gecko: The Top Beginner PickWhen it comes to easy care, the Leopard Gecko is widely regarded as the best starter lizard - and for good reason. These small, docile reptiles grow to about 7 to 10 inches (17 to 25 cm) in length, which means they don’t require a large enclosure. A standard 20-gallon tank is usually more than enough for one adult gecko.

Food Allergies vs. Sensitivities in Cats: What’s the Difference?

You know your cat better than anyone. You’ve memorized the way they nap in their favorite sunspot, the sound of their little meow asking for breakfast, and the gentle purr that starts when you scratch under their chin. But recently, something has been off. Maybe you’ve noticed they are scratching a lot, their usually glossy coat is starting to look dull, or they are struggling with a digestive issue that seems to come and go. Whatever the concern, your first instinct is to find out why. If you’re here, you likely suspect the recent changes in your cat might be related to their food. That’s a great start – but what next? It’s easy to get lost in the sea of information, especially when you start hearing terms like “food allergy” and “food sensitivity” tossed around with no real definition of what they actually mean. If your cat’s condition is food-related, understanding the difference between these two conditions is the most important step you can take toward a real solution. This post will break down the science behind food allergies and sensitivities, help you recognize the signs of trouble, and outline a plan of action for working with your vet to get your kitty feeling their best again. Food Allergy vs. Food SensitivityTo understand how to help your cat, you need to know what’s happening inside their body after they eat. While the symptoms can often look similar, a food allergy and a food sensitivity are two very different conditions. The key difference lies in the body’s reaction to the food. A food allergy is an immune system reaction.  This happens when your cat’s body mistakes a specific protein in a food as a dangerous invader. This mistaken identity triggers their immune system to launch a defensive attack, creating antibodies to fight off the perceived threat. The result is a chain reaction that releases inflammatory chemicals, like histamine, throughout the body. These chemicals are responsible for the symptoms we see, like intense itching, inflamed skin, ear infections, digestive problems, and other more severe complications. Allergies often develop after being exposed to an ingredient over a prolonged time. For example, a cat who has been eating the same chicken-based food for years might suddenly develop an allergy to the chicken protein. In contrast, a food sensitivity, or food intolerance, is strictly a digestive issue. The immune system is not involved. With a sensitivity, your cat’s digestive system simply struggles to break down and process a particular ingredient. This could be because they lack the specific enzyme necessary to break down the food or because the ingredient itself irritates their digestive tract. Either way, it leaves them feeling “off.” Luckily, because a sensitivity isn’t an immune reaction, the symptoms are generally less severe and are primarily confined to the digestive system. You’ll typically see vomiting, diarrhea, gas, or general discomfort in the abdomen. While a sensitivity isn’t going to affect the entire body like a food allergy can, it can still be very uncomfortable for your cat and significantly impact their quality of life. Food sensitivities can be immediate or can build up over time, gradually getting worse as they are exposed to the trigger. It’s always important to distinguish this from an allergy so you can take the right steps to give your cat much-needed relief. Red Flags to Watch Out For Noticing when something is “off” with your cat is one of the most critical parts of being a responsible pet parent. However, the symptoms of a food allergy or sensitivity can be sneaky and often overlap with other conditions. Knowing what to look for and how to distinguish between the two conditions can make a significant difference. Common Symptoms Shared by Both Many of the symptoms of food allergies and sensitivities are similar, which is why it can be so difficult to tell the two apart. The most frequent signs you may notice include: Skin Issues: This is one of the most common signs of trouble. You might see your cat scratching or licking excessively, which can lead to hair loss, red and inflamed skin, or small scabs, primarily around their head, neck, and ears. Digestive Distress: This includes vomiting, diarrhea, gas, or a general lack of appetite. While these can be caused by many things, when they are chronic and not easily explained, they may point to a food-related issue. Chronic Ear Infections: Recurring ear infections that don’t respond well to treatment or keep coming back are a classic sign of an underlying allergy. Recognizing Symptoms of a True Food AllergyWhile allergies can present with digestive issues, they often manifest with more widespread and intense symptoms due to the full-body immune response. Severity and Specific Location: The itching from a food allergy tends to be more severe and often localized to the face, ears, and neck. Constant scratching can cause damage to the skin, leading to secondary infections. Systemic Effects: In rare cases, a true allergic reaction can also lead to respiratory problems like sneezing or wheezing. You may also notice swelling, particularly around the face. Regardless of the cause, if your cat ever has difficulty breathing, it should be treated as an emergency requiring immediate veterinary attention. Symptoms More Indicative of a Food SensitivityA food sensitivity, or intolerance, may involve some minor skin irritation. However, the symptoms are much more focused on the digestive tract. Gastrointestinal Problems: With a sensitivity, diarrhea and vomiting are often the main concerns. The symptoms are the direct result of the body’s inability to properly digest the specific food or ingredient. These symptoms won’t typically be accompanied by the intense, widespread itching that is often seen with a food allergy. Less Widespread: Unlike an allergy, a sensitivity is generally confined to the digestive issues, meaning you are less likely to see any larger-scale skin reactions or other body-wide symptoms. Many of these signs can also be caused by other problems, such as hairballs, eating something they shouldn’t, or switching foods too quickly. They could also be a sign of intestinal parasites or health concerns, like pancreatitis, colitis, or a blockage caused by a foreign body. While you should avoid jumping to conclusions, the only way to know for sure what is causing your cat’s problems is to make an appointment with your veterinarian to get a proper diagnosis.

It's Genetic! Why Some Cats Are Naturally Louder

Have you ever wondered what makes one cat a super chatty communicator and another a silent observer? If so, you’re not alone! New research is now shedding light on this, and their findings suggest that the answer may be deeply embedded in their genes.A study led by wildlife researcher Yume Okamoto and his team at Kyoto University in Japan explored the impact of genetics on feline vocalizations. The researcher asked cat owners in Japan to complete a questionnaire about their pets’ behavior, including purring and meowing directed at humans. At the same time, they collected DNA samples from the cats through a simple cheek swab.To understand the findings of this study, we need to start with an understanding of a specific gene found on the X chromosome: the androgen receptor (AR) gene. This gene plays a key role in the body’s response to hormones like testosterone.What’s particularly interesting about the AR gene is a section within it where a DNA sequence is repeated. The number of repetitions directly influences how responsive the gene is – fewer repetitions mean the receptor is more sensitive to androgen, while more repetitions mean the receptor is less sensitive. Why is this relevant? In previous studies, shorter repeats in the AR gene of other species (including humans and dogs) have been linked to increased aggression and extroverted behavior.To determine whether this connection also exists in cats, the team analyzed survey and DNA results from 280 spayed or neutered cats.They found that cats with the shorter AR gene variant were reported to purr more frequently. Additionally, male cats with this variant scored higher for vocalizations directed at their people, such as meowing to signal they wanted food or to be let outside. Meanwhile, female cats with the same genotype showed more aggression towards strangers.However, cats with the longer, less active version of the AR gene tended to be quieter. The team noted that this longer variant was more prevalent in pedigree breeds, which are often selectively bred for more docile and calmer temperaments.Not only does this information shine a light on the role genetics plays in a cat’s personality, but it also provides a better understanding of the impact being domesticated has had on our feline friends.While it’s generally believed that domestication has led to more chatty behavior in our cats, the study revealed that the gene variant associated with more vocal communication and assertiveness was also found in wild cats, such as the lynx. The team hypothesized that this was because certain traits, such as assertiveness, may be passed on from generation to generation, especially in environments where resources are scarce or competition is high, to give cats a competitive edge. After all, living alongside humans doesn’t always lead to calm and gentle animals. Sometimes a little “pushiness” pays off!What does this mean for us, as cat parents? Understanding that some of your cat’s chattiness or more assertive behaviors may be due to genetics can help us better appreciate their one-of-a-kind personalities. We hope research into this connection continues so that we can better understand our cats and what drives them!Join the PetGuide community. Get the latest pet news and product recommendations by subscribing to our newsletter here.

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Neutering Kittens Early Doesn't Lead to Heavier Cats, Study Finds

Longer life expectancy, reduced aggressiveness, zero spaying at home, and prevention of diseases are just some of the benefits of spaying or neutering your cat. Nevertheless, many owners decide to postpone sterilizing their kittens because spayed/neutered cats tend to eat more and gain weight easily. Obesity is commonly listed as the main disadvantage of neutering or spaying cats. The good news is that a new study has found no greater risk of weight problems in adulthood in kittens neutered at four months old compared to kittens neutered at six months old. The study, published in Vet Records, analyzed over 2,000 clinical records relating to 584 pet cats. Data showed no difference in body condition score (BCS) and bodyweight of kittens neutered at four months old or under, and those neutered at five or six months old, as they reached adulthood and senior years. For this study, the researchers used data from the Bristol Cats study at the University of Bristol. This longitudinal study follows kittens registered at 16 weeks old throughout their lifespan. Researchers also discovered that male cats usually weigh more and have a higher body condition score than female cats at any given time. Female cats showed lower body weight and body condition scores in summer and autumn, while male cats maintained a more consistent body weight and body condition score throughout all seasons. This study aimed to investigate the health outcomes of cats neutered before reaching puberty. Since neutering is a known risk factor for obesity in adult cats, some veterinary professionals are concerned that neutering kittens at younger ages may increase their chance of becoming obese in adulthood. “This new study adds to a growing body of evidence that neutering cats at four months old does not compromise their welfare, while it also helps charities and vet practices alike to deal with the problem of feline over-population,” said Dr. Rae Foreman-Worsley, a feline welfare associate researcher for Cat Protection.“By neutering cats from four months old, the veterinary profession can help to significantly reduce the number of unplanned litters and potentially homeless cats. At a time when financial constraints and issues with capacity are facing both owners and vets, a move to neutering cats at four months old may be an effective way to manage cat populations.”Dr. Emily Blackwell, Senior Lecturer in Animal Behavior and Welfare, Director of Companion Animal Population Health, and Principal Investigator of the Bristol Cats study at Bristol Veterinary School, said, ”The Bristol Cat study collects information about the health, welfare, and behavior of cats across the UK. Data from Bristol Cats used in this research provides further evidence that neutering kittens at four months of age does not put them at greater risk of weight problems in adulthood than those neutered at six months.” “Neutering kittens at four months can be effective in preventing unwanted litters, and we are pleased to have helped to provide scientific evidence to inform neutering decisions,” Dr. Blackwell added. In light of these findings, researchers are now calling for more long-term studies to investigate the effects of pre-puberty neutering on adult cats’ weight. Neutering causes metabolic and hormonal changes in cats, leading to decreased energy expenditure and increased appetite. This can lead to weight gain and obesity if not properly managed. Veterinary professionals still consider neutering a risk factor for obesity in cats, but agree that more studies like this one are needed to better understand whether there is any link with neutering age. Join the PetGuide community. Get the latest pet news and product recommendations by subscribing to our newsletter here.

How to Stop Your Puppy from Digging Up Your Yard

Digging comes naturally to puppies. It’s part curiosity, part instinct, and sometimes just a way to burn off energy. While a little dirt on their paws might be cute, constant digging can quickly turn your yard into a mess. The good news? With the right strategies, you can redirect your pup’s digging habit into healthier, yard-friendly behavior.Disclosure: PetGuide may receive a small affiliate commission from purchases made via links in this article but at no cost to you.

Tips to Capturing Amazing Pics of Your Pooch

Pro pet photog shares his tricks to getting your dog to say cheese. And sometimes, it actually includes cheese.

Indoor vs. Outdoor Cats: Weighing up the Pros & Cons

Choosing whether your cat should live comfortably indoors or roam freely outside is one of the most important decisions a cat owner can make. Each lifestyle offers unique benefits and drawbacks for your pet's health, safety, and happiness, as well as your own peace of mind. Here’s a comprehensive breakdown of the pros and cons of indoor vs. outdoor cats to help guide your decision.

How to Safely Clean Your Dog’s Favorite Toys

Your dog’s favorite toys get a lot of love but all that love and slobber can turn them into breeding grounds for bacteria, mold, and grime. Regular cleaning keeps your pup healthy and extends the life of their beloved toys. Here’s how to safely and effectively clean your dog’s toys at home.Disclosure: PetGuide may receive a small affiliate commission from purchases made via links in this article but at no cost to you. 

Study Finds Dogs Really Are Surrogates to Having Children

Research finds pooches are not only a key member of the household, they've become the much-loved child in a childless family.