How Do I Prevent Roundworm in Cats?

by Britt

Published: January 8th, 2025

Photo credit: Anna Hoychuk / Shutterstock.com

As loving cat parents, we do everything we can to give our kitties the best possible care. But even the most attentive guardians can sometimes face unexpected challenges. One common and concerning problem is the roundworm.

These pesky creatures can cause a range of health issues for your cat and even pose a risk to humans! That’s why you need to know the signs of trouble and how to keep your whole family safe.

In this guide, I’ll provide you with valuable information about roundworm prevention, including the importance of deworming, hygiene tips, and possible environmental changes you can make to reduce the risk.

Let's work together to keep our cats (and ourselves) safe from these unwanted pests!

What Are Roundworms?

Roundworms are intestinal parasites. More specifically, they are parasites that live within the intestines of an infected cat. They get their name because they are round, like long tubes like strands of spaghetti (though significantly smaller than the popular pasta).

Their presence isn’t the biggest concern, instead, it is what they do to survive. While living within the intestines, the parasites feed off the nutrients moving through the host cat’s digestive tract. As they do, they rob the cat of the nutrients they need to support their growth and overall well-being.

What Causes Roundworms in Cats?

The first step in preventing a roundworm infestation is understanding where your cat may pick up these unwanted pests. Here are the most common causes you should be aware of:

Ingesting Infected Prey

Arguably the most common, cats who hunt and kill prey run the risk of ingesting a bird, rodent, or insect currently carrying the roundworm larvae. While this is often associated with outdoor cats, even an indoor cat could face this challenge if they catch a critter that has found its way into the house.

If you have a cat who enjoys going outdoors, even those who only go out when on a leash, pay careful attention to what they may be in contact with. This could include prey they are hunting or even recently killed prey they come across during their adventures.

Contaminated Environments

Even if your cat doesn’t find/ingest a contaminated bird or animal, they may also pick up the parasites from a shared environment. An infected animal may leave behind infected feces or roundworm eggs on common surfaces like soil and grass.

Whether your cat is ingesting the feces directly or grooming themselves later, ingesting roundworm eggs they may have picked up in their fur, it can lead to a roundworm infestation.

Shared Resources in Multi-Cat Homes

Do you have multiple cats? If so, be warned – a single infestation in your home can quickly spread and become a more widespread problem. Much like your cat could pick up roundworm eggs or larvae through contaminated environments outdoors, the same can occur in the home, where they share resources like litter boxes, food bowls, and water dishes.

Of course, this cause requires one of your cats to pick up the parasite somewhere else first, bringing it into the home. But it still deserves mention as it will impact some of my prevention tips below.

Mother-to-Kitten Transmission

If you have an infected pregnant mother cat or one who has recently given birth, there is a good chance that they will pass the parasite to their kittens. The first risk arises when the kittens are still in utero. If the kitten avoids the parasite before birth, they can also become infected by nursing off an infected mother cat.

Symptoms to Watch Out For

Roundworms are not responsible for significant health problems in an otherwise healthy adult cat, making them difficult to spot. A minor infection may not result in any noticeable symptoms at all! However, an infestation can be serious and potentially life-threatening for a young kitten or senior cat.

The parasites can be passed from an infected cat to other pets in your home or even to humans. So, even if your cat isn’t bothered by the parasite, it could lead to a bigger problem. The earlier you spot signs of trouble, the sooner you can contact your vet to address the issue.

The most common signs of roundworm in cats include:

Vomiting (you may even see white or light brown worms in your cat’s vomit)
Nausea
Loss of Appetite
Abdominal discomfort
Swollen or enlarged belly, also described as a potbellied appearance
Weight loss
Coughing from roundworms in the lungs
Dull, lifeless coat
Stunted growth in kittens
Visible worms in your cat’s stool

What is the Prognosis for a Cat with Roundworms?

Luckily, treatment, when given early, is highly effective. The prognosis is good at this stage, even in higher-risk cats, like kittens and seniors. However, if the infection is allowed to progress, the chance of recovery begins to drop significantly.

After diagnosing that your cat is carrying the parasite, your veterinarian will recommend a deworming medication. These treatments are fairly inexpensive and aren’t associated with many side effects or complications, making them a safe option. After giving the treatment, your cat will pass the dead or dying roundworms in their stool.

It is important to note that these treatments don’t work on roundworm eggs or larvae. To ensure the infestation is completely cleared up, your cat will need two or three treatments, approximately 2 to 3 weeks apart.

Photo credit: Svetlana Rey / Shutterstock.com

Tips to Prevent Roundworms in Your Cat

The best approach for any potential health problem or parasite is always to prevent a problem from happening. Here are a few steps you can take to keep your cat parasite-free:

Keep Your Cat’s Litter Box Clean

As we mentioned, one of the most significant risks for passing roundworms from one carrier to the next is through feces. Therefore, your cats’ litter box is a potential hot spot. Even if you haven’t spotted any signs of trouble, you should prioritize keeping the box clean and free from waste.

If keeping up with cleaning your cat’s box regularly is a struggle due to a busy schedule or other limitations, there are many self-cleaning litterboxes that could help with the dirty chore.

Some highly-rated options include:

Litter Robot 4 (the box I currently use for my cats)
PetSafe ScoopFree SmartSpin Automatic Cat Litter Box
Neakasa M1 Open-Top Self-Cleaning Cat Litter Box
PetSafe ScoopFree Crystal Pro Self-Cleaning Litter Box
PETKIT PuraMax 2 Self-Cleaning Cat Litter Box

Deep Clean Your Cat’s Box Regularly

In addition to scooping your cat’s box daily (or multiple times daily), you should plan to do a deep clean of the litter box at least once a month. This should be done with a disinfectant cleaner that will remove any parasites, bacteria, and other risks to your cat’s health. While there are many products to choose from, many experts, including veterinarians, animal shelters, and kennels use and trust REScue One-Step Disinfectant Cleaner.

Wash Your Hands After Litter Box Cleaning

Whether doing a routine scoop or a deep clean, always wash your hands with a disinfectant soap afterward. This will not only help to prevent you from passing the parasite to your other pets, it will also reduce the risk of cross-contamination to the human members of your family.

Keep Cats Supervised Outdoors

Do you have a cat that loves spending time outdoors? I am a massive supporter of the idea of leash and harness training a cat. Why? It allows them to be outside and tap into their naturally curious nature while still giving you the ability to keep them safe from harm, like cars, predators, and more. One such hazard you can help to reduce is roundworms.

When spending time outdoors with your cat, keep an eye on what they are getting into. For example, you can prevent your cat from eating contaminated prey or getting into contaminated feces by spotting it early and keeping them away. This won’t 100% prevent contamination (there is still the risk of a contaminated environment and picking up roundworm eggs), but careful supervision will significantly reduce the risk!

Do a Quick Clean When Coming Indoors

If you do spend time outdoors with your cat, a quick cleanup is necessary. Even if you avoid any potential prey or feces during your explorations, there is a chance that they could pick up roundworm eggs on their paws. When they are grooming, these eggs can be ingested and cause a full infestation.

The best way to avoid this is to do a quick cleanup when coming inside. We keep a package of Earth Rated Pet Wipes by the front door. After any time where they are paws on the ground outdoors, they get their paws, legs, stomach, etc. wiped clean to remove any potential concerns.

Keep Up with Annual Checkups

We’ve all heard people mention the importance of annual checkups with your cat’s veterinarian, but this is a good example of why these appointments are crucial. This gives the vet a chance to check for any signs of trouble, possibly catching illnesses or diseases early (giving your cat a better prognosis) – which includes checking for signs of a parasite infection.

During this appointment, the vet will also give you recommendations regarding preventative products. Many heartworm medications will also protect your cat against roundworms. If you're unsure whether your current product has your cat covered, don’t be afraid to ask!

Take Steps to Control Insects/Rodents in the Home

As mentioned, hunting and ingesting infected prey is one of the biggest causes of roundworms in cats. We discussed keeping your cat from getting into trouble when spending time outdoors, but you should also consider the risk of exposure indoors.

If you are currently faced with the presence of insects or rodents in your home, take that concern seriously. Contact an exterminator to help you get control over the situation before it potentially becomes a much bigger problem. Avoid using poisons, as they could also put your pets at risk!

Take steps moving forward to avoid attracting insects and rodents to your home. This includes sealing cracks or gaps around your home where these unwanted visitors can get in, thoroughly cleaning up any food spills or messes, storing all food in your pantry in airtight containers, and staying on top of emptying garbage cans.

Keep New Pets Separated Initially

Are you bringing a new cat into the home? Have you recently found a stray or lost cat you’re currently housing while trying to find their family or connect with a local rescue (or keep, no judgment here)?

There are several essential things to consider when introducing a new pet to the family. In addition to carefully introducing them to avoid arguments and setting up safe spaces to set everyone up for success, there is always the risk that your newest addition will introduce a disease or parasite to your “safe space.” The only way to know your new friend is healthy enough to meet the rest of the family is to get them in for a vet check. Until that point, keep them safely separated.

Final Thoughts: Roundworms in Cats

While roundworm infestations usually don’t pose a significant health risk for your cat, they can lead to complications for both at-risk cats and even the people in your home. But, with proactive measures, you can keep your family safe.

Remember that regular deworming, keeping your cat’s home environment clean, and minimizing contact with potentially infected animals are all key steps in preventing your cat from picking up the parasite. If you’re concerned about your cat’s risk, contact your veterinarian for diagnosis and treatment (if necessary).

By following the prevention tips above, you can ensure your cat lives a long, healthy, and parasite-free life.

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Britt

Britt Kascjak is a proud pet mom, sharing her heart (and her home) with her “pack” which includes her husband John, their 2 dogs – Lucifer and Willow – and their 3 cats – Pippen, Jinx, and Theia. She has been active in the animal rescue community for over 15 years, volunteering, fostering and advocating for organizations across Canada and the US. In her free time, she enjoys traveling around the country camping, hiking, and canoeing with her pets.

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How Do I Know if My Cat Has a Fever?

It’s a moment that triggers worry in any cat parent – when you’re snuggling with your kitty and petting their soft fur, only to notice your best friend is feeling a little warmer than usual. Could it be a fever? A fever in cats, like humans, is a natural defense mechanism where the body elevates the body temperature to fight off an underlying issue. While it may be a minor concern that will resolve with time, it could also be a sign of something more serious. This guide will walk you through the warning signs, potential causes, and most importantly, how to help your cat when that worrying warmth appears. Spotting the Signs of a Fever in CatsIt’s a common belief that a warm nose or forehead signals a fever in pets, but when it comes to cats, this isn’t always a reliable way to check. In fact, relying on this alone could mean missing important signs that your cat isn’t feeling well. 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Hiding or Withdrawing: When cats feel unwell, they often seek a quiet, out-of-the-way spot for solace. If your usually social cat suddenly starts hiding under furniture or in dark corners, it could be a sign that they are not feeling well. Rapid Breathing or Panting: Unlike dogs, cats don’t typically pant to cool down. When a cat is panting, it’s usually a sign of trouble. An increased breathing rate or, more concerningly, open-mouthed breathing may be a sign of pain, discomfort, or even fever. It’s crucial to remember that panting could also signal serious respiratory issues, and it always warrants a call to the vet. Shivering: Just like us, cats can shiver when they have a fever, even if the room temperature is at a comfortable level. This is their body’s way of trying to generate heat. 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This is great in the summer months but can make it challenging to keep your best friend comfortable during the colder temperatures of the winter. A healthy cat is happies in temperatures between 77 and 86 degrees Fahrenheit. During the cooler months, an adult cat can adjust comfortably to temperatures as low as 59 degrees Fahrenheit. But this can vary if your cat is a young kitten or senior, as their tolerance isn’t as high. There are also several medical conditions that may make your cat more sensitive to cold temperatures, including diabetes, kidney disease, heart disease, Cushing’s disease, and some forms of cancer. If your cat is living with joint pain or similar conditions, the colder winter temperatures may also cause them to experience more aches and pains. Signs You Cat is Feeling Cold Recognizing when your cat is starting to feel chilly will help you make the necessary adjustments to keep them comfortable. It would be so helpful if our cats couple talk to us in English, letting us know how they feel and what they need. Unfortunately, that’s not reality. As cat parents, we must become masters of non-verbal communication including body language and behavioral changes. Some of the more common signs your cat is feeling cold include: ShiveringBreathing slowlySlower heart rateCurling up into a ballHunching down close to the groundExtremities cold to the touch (ears, paws, tail)Lack of activityAppearing confused or disoriented Muscle stiffness Weakness Seeking warm spots in the houseThe sooner you recognize that your cat is feeling cold, the faster you can respond and make sure they are feeling comfortable. This is also key to preventing cold-related medical conditions and complications like hypothermia. Take steps to warm up if you notice any of the above warning signs. If you are trying to warm your cat up and they are still showing signs they are cold, contact your veterinarian. 8 Tips to Keep Your Cat Warm This Winter As cat parents, we love our cats and want to give them the best possible quality of life. With that in mind, we need to find ways to keep them warm and cozy even when the temperatures drop. If your furnace is running all winter keeping the temperatures within their ideal temperature range, this may not be a problem you need to worry about. However, in many parts of the United States, keeping the temperatures in your house over 77 degrees Fahrenheit can be quite costly! Plus, there are those of us who use alternative heating sources like baseboard heating and woodstoves that can make it challenging to keep all areas of the home at the temperatures your cat would prefer. If you’re concerned your cat may be feeling a little chilly, here are a few steps you can take to help keep them cozy: Stick to Indoors Do you have a cat that indoors spending time outdoors? While I am a huge fan of safe outdoor adventures with my furry family members (camping, hiking, etc.), there are times when it is better to stick to the more comfortable environment indoors. This isn’t to say your cat can’t enjoy some on-leash time exploring the ice and snow. My one cat, Pippen, adores playing in the snow. But it’s our responsibility as cat parents to keep an eye on the temperatures and limit their time outdoors when it could be unsafe. Offer Warm and Cozy Bedding One of the easiest ways to keep your cat comfortable is by offering extra bedding to allow them to snuggle in and create a cozy place to nap. There are several great options to consider, depending on your cat’s personal preference. Donut style beds have higher sides, like a warm hug. Not only have these beds been found to keep cats warmer, but they are also said to have calming properties. The Bedsure Calming Cat Bed for Indoor Cats is a favourite in our house. With two cats, we had to pick up multiple beds to avoid fights over who got to sleep in the fluffy, comfy spot. Another option for cozy cat beds that I have seen several pet parents sharing is a covered bed or cat cave. This helps keep your cat warmer by trapping the warm air inside the bed with your kitty. The smaller the entry to your cat’s bed, the less warm air will be able to escape while they are sleeping inside. However, some cats find being in an enclosed space like this frightening as they are trapped and can’t escape if threatened. Finally, make sure to include plenty of cozy blankets they can snuggle into. The more blankets they have to move around and nest in, the better. They will arrange their sleeping space to best suit their needs. Use a Heated Bed or MatAnother great solution for creating a warm, cozy sleeping spot for your cat is to use a heated bed or mat. There are two options to consider, depending on the availability of nearby sockets and your personal preferences/comfort level. The first is a typical plug-in heated bed similar to heated blankets and mattress covers used on our own beds. These heated beds have controls giving you the ability to easily change the temperature to suit your cat’s needs. They can also be set to turn off after a specified time to avoid the bed becoming too warm or drawing too much power. An alternative is to use a self-heated design. Self-heated beds and cat mats reflect your cat’s own body heat when they are lying on them. This creates a warm, heated sleeping spot without the need for electricity. Not only are these great for locations with no available nearby socket, but they are also the perfect solution for cats who tend to chew electrical cords.

Symptoms of Seasonal Allergies in Dogs

Just like humans, dogs can suffer from seasonal allergies triggered by environmental factors such as pollen, mold, and dust mites. These allergies, also known as atopic dermatitis, often flare up during specific times of the year, causing discomfort and irritation. Recognizing the symptoms early can help pet owners manage their dog’s condition and improve their quality of life.Common Symptoms of Seasonal AllergiesSeasonal allergies primarily affect a dog’s skin, but they can also impact the respiratory system and digestive tract. Here are some key symptoms to watch for:Excessive Itching and Scratching: One of the most noticeable signs of allergies is persistent itching. Dogs may scratch, bite, or lick themselves, especially around their paws, ears, belly, and armpits.Red, Inflamed Skin: Allergic reactions can lead to skin irritation, causing redness, rashes, or hot spots that may worsen if left untreated.Ear Infections: Dogs with seasonal allergies are prone to ear infections, which present as head shaking, ear scratching, and a foul odor coming from the ears.Watery Eyes and Nasal Discharge: Allergies can cause runny eyes and sneezing, similar to hay fever in humans.Paw Chewing and Licking: Many allergic dogs obsessively chew or lick their paws, leading to irritation and even secondary infections.Hair Loss: Constant scratching and licking can result in thinning fur or bald patches, particularly in areas where the dog frequently rubs or bites.Respiratory Issues: Although less common, some dogs may develop coughing, wheezing, or labored breathing due to airborne allergens.Digestive Upset: While food allergies are more commonly linked to gastrointestinal issues, some dogs with seasonal allergies may experience occasional vomiting or diarrhea.When to See a VeterinarianIf your dog exhibits any of these symptoms for more than a few days, it’s important to consult a veterinarian. Allergies can often be mistaken for other conditions like fungal infections, parasites, or bacterial dermatitis. A vet can help determine whether seasonal allergies are the cause and recommend appropriate treatments.Managing Seasonal Allergies in DogsWhile seasonal allergies cannot be cured, they can be managed effectively with the right approach:

Having a Pet Can Improve Well-Being As Much As Having a Spouse

If you’re hoping to improve your life, bringing home a canine or feline companion might be just what you need. Continue reading to learn about a study on the value of pets and their impact on well-being.

Pyrenees Becomes Super-Hero After Finding Toddler Missing in Desert

Portly Pyrenees ranch-hand find missing toddler while doing the rounds... and brings him home.

Tips to Capturing Amazing Pics of Your Pooch

Pro pet photog shares his tricks to getting your dog to say cheese. And sometimes, it actually includes cheese.

Should I Give My Dog Collagen?

Collagen is an essential protein that plays a vital role in maintaining healthy joints, skin, and overall well-being. While humans commonly supplement with collagen, many pet owners wonder if it can benefit their dogs as well. As dogs age, their natural collagen production declines, which can lead to joint stiffness, reduced mobility, and skin issues. The short answer is yes - collagen can be a beneficial addition to your dog’s diet. However, there are important considerations to keep in mind before introducing it.What Is Collagen and Why Is It Important?Collagen is the most abundant protein in the body, forming the structural framework of connective tissues, including skin, tendons, ligaments, and cartilage. It provides elasticity and strength, helping maintain overall physical health. In dogs, collagen contributes to joint flexibility, skin hydration, digestive health, and even the integrity of nails and teeth.As dogs age, their collagen levels decline, resulting in common aging issues such as stiff joints, dull coats, and brittle nails. Environmental factors such as diet, activity level, and exposure to toxins can further reduce collagen production, making supplementation a viable solution for many pet owners.Benefits of Collagen for DogsCollagen provides several health benefits for dogs, much like it does for humans:Joint Health and Mobility: Collagen is a key component of cartilage, the tissue that cushions joints. Older dogs or those with arthritis may benefit from collagen supplements, as they help maintain cartilage strength and reduce inflammation, improving mobility. Active dogs or working breeds may also benefit from collagen to support joint health and prevent premature wear and tear.Skin and Coat Health: Collagen plays a major role in maintaining skin elasticity and hydration. If your dog has dry, flaky skin or a dull coat, collagen may help restore moisture and shine, and it can support healing in dogs with skin conditions. Regular collagen intake can also reduce shedding and improve overall coat texture.Digestive Support: Collagen contains amino acids that strengthen the gut lining. This can be beneficial for dogs with digestive issues such as leaky gut syndrome or food sensitivities by improving nutrient absorption and reducing inflammation. A strong gut lining helps protect against harmful bacteria and supports a balanced digestive system.Nail and Dental Health: Collagen also supports stronger nails and teeth, both of which are crucial for a dog’s overall health and well-being. Brittle nails can lead to painful cracks, and collagen helps maintain their strength and resilience.Weight Management and Muscle Health: Since collagen is a protein, it supports lean muscle mass and overall metabolism. Dogs recovering from injuries or those with muscle loss due to aging may benefit from collagen supplementation as part of a balanced diet.How to Give Collagen to Your DogThere are several ways to add collagen to your dog’s diet:Collagen Supplements: Many pet stores sell collagen in powder, chew, or capsule form, specially formulated for dogs. These are convenient and easy to mix into food or offer as treats.

10 Ways to Pay Attention to Your Dog’s Wellbeing During the Summer

A couple of summers ago, I took my dog, Jasper, on what I thought would be a quick walk around the neighborhood. It was warm, but I figured we’d be fine. Five minutes in, he started slowing down, panting harder than usual, and looking up at me like, “Mum, what are we doing?” I scooped him up (he’s not exactly light) and carried him home, feeling like the world’s worst dog parent. Lesson learned: summer is no joke for our four-legged friends.Ever since that day, I’ve made it a priority to really pay attention to how Jasper is feeling when the weather heats up. Dogs can’t tell us when they’re uncomfortable, dehydrated, or overheating, so it’s up to us to notice the signs and stay ahead of any problems. Luckily, can make summer safer and more enjoyable for our pups by making just a few simple changes. Here are 10 ways I keep Jasper happy, healthy, and tail-wagging all summer long!

How to Build Your Cat's Confidence

Do you have a cat who runs to hide under the bed at the slightest noise, avoids eye contact, or hides out in fear anytime you have guests over? While some shyness is normal, a lack of confidence can hurt your cat’s overall quality of life. Imagine going through life afraid of everything and anything.Luckily, with a bit of understanding and effort, you can help your cat build confidence and blossom into a self-assured, happy companion.Building your cat’s confidence starts with creating a safe, enriching home environment that encourages exploration and positive association. It also requires plenty of opportunities for play (both with and without you) and mental stimulation. In addition to the right environment, your cat’s confidence can be boosted by approaching any interactions with people or other pets with patience and respect. Avoid forcing them into something that makes them scared or uncomfortable, and use positive reinforcement to encourage positive behaviors.Whether you’re dealing with a newly adopted, nervous rescue or a long-term feline family member that you believe could benefit from a confidence boost, the following tips will help you get started!Is My Cat Confident? What to Look ForBefore I start sharing tips for building your cat's confidence, let’s start with a foundation for feline confidence and what it looks like. After all, if you have a cat displaying a high level in their daily routine, you may approach the action steps here differently than a cat who communicates with their body language that their confidence is lacking.Signs of a Confident CatIf your cat is confident and self-assured, you may notice them displaying the following behaviors:Curiosity: Confident cats are comfortable enough in their surroundings to feel safe exploring. They may venture into new rooms and explore new places in your home, climb up on shelves or furniture to check out their space from a new angle, or readily explore bags and other objects you bring into your home.Playful and Energetic: In addition to being curious, a confident cat feels safe and secure enough to drop their protective barriers and tap into that inner playful kitten. They may spend hours batting around their favorite toys, show signs of the zoomies (yes, cats get them, too), or try to entice you into a play session.Approaches People Confidently: A confident kitty will willingly approach people, including new people, with curiosity. This could include carefully sniffing and checking them out, rubbing against their legs, or even climbing into their lap. Of course, remember that some cats are naturally more affectionate than others.Using Scratch Posts Freely: Scratching is an important natural behavior for cats. In the wild, it’s used to mark their territory, maintain their claws, and stretch out their paws (and the rest of their bodies). A confident cat will use their scratch post or cat tree without hesitation, knowing it is their space.Positive Vocalization: Do you have a chatty or talkative cat? If so, they may be expressing their confidence. Positive vocalizations like purring, chirping, and gentle meowing are like casual conversations – your cat is confident in their home, and your relationship and just wants to connect with you.Signs a Cat’s Confidence is LackingOn the flip side, your cat may be trying to tell you they are unsure or their confidence is lacking. Here are a few signs your cat may benefit from a confidence boost:Hiding: One of the biggest signs that a cat feels insecure is their need to hide, especially when confronted with someone new. If your cat spends all their time in dark, secluded corners of your home, take note.Aggression (Fear-Based): When you or someone you know reaches over to pet your cat, how do they respond? While it’s not uncommon for a confident cat to move away slightly while sniffing to want to know who is trying to touch them, a cat who lacks confidence may feel like they have to defend themselves. This can manifest in aggressive behaviors like swatting, hissing, growling, or even biting.Over-Grooming: While grooming is a positive and necessary behavior, a cat who is feeling stressed or anxious may take this to an extreme. Excessive grooming or over-grooming is often an attempt to calm themselves when uncomfortable in a situation or environment. You may notice the behavior itself or the side effects, like hair loss, bald patches, or irritated/inflamed skin.Loss of Appetite: When cats are stressed or afraid, they may lose all interest in food. You may notice their food bowls sitting untouched or that they are losing weight. A cat lacking confidence will often turn down treats as well.Bathroom Accidents: A stressed or anxious cat often displays unwanted behaviors, one of the most common being doing their “business” outside the litterbox. You may notice this as an ongoing problem or only when something triggers their anxiety, like when you have guests over.If you recognize any of these signs in your cat, it isn’t a poor reflection on you as a cat parent. There are many reasons a cat may struggle to feel confident in our busy, fast-paced world. However, it is a sign that your cat needs a little extra support to live their best life.

What Vaccinations Do Dogs Need?

Vaccinations are a cornerstone of responsible pet ownership, safeguarding your dog’s health and preventing the spread of serious diseases. While some vaccines are essential for all dogs, others depend on factors like lifestyle, environment, and risk of exposure. This guide breaks down the core and non-core vaccines your dog may need and helps you navigate their vaccination schedule.Core VaccinesCore vaccines are considered essential for all dogs due to the widespread risk and severity of the diseases they protect against. These include:Rabies VaccineRabies is a fatal viral disease that affects the nervous system of mammals, including dogs and humans. Vaccination is legally required in most countries and is critical for public health and safety. Puppies typically receive their first rabies vaccine at 12–16 weeks of age, followed by a booster after one year. Additional boosters are required every 1–3 years, depending on local regulations and the vaccine used.Distemper VaccineThe distemper vaccine protects against canine distemper, a highly contagious virus that affects the respiratory, nervous, and gastrointestinal systems. This vaccine is usually part of a multivalent formula known as DHPP (Distemper, Hepatitis, Parainfluenza, Parvovirus). Puppies start the vaccination series at 6–8 weeks, with boosters every 3–4 weeks until they are 16 weeks old. Adults require boosters every 1–3 years.Parvovirus Vaccine Canine parvovirus causes a severe and often fatal gastrointestinal illness, particularly dangerous for puppies. Symptoms include vomiting, diarrhea, and dehydration. This vaccine is included in the DHPP combination and follows the same schedule as the distemper vaccine.Adenovirus-2 (Hepatitis) VaccineThis vaccine protects against canine infectious hepatitis, a disease that can damage the liver and kidneys. Like distemper and parvovirus, it is part of the DHPP vaccine and follows the same schedule.Non-Core VaccinesNon-core vaccines are optional and recommended based on a dog’s lifestyle, environment, and risk factors. Common non-core vaccines include:Bordetella Bronchiseptica VaccineThis vaccine protects against Bordetella, the bacteria responsible for “kennel cough,” a highly contagious respiratory infection. Dogs that frequent boarding facilities, dog parks, or grooming salons benefit from this vaccine. It may be given as an injection, nasal spray, or oral dose and typically requires annual boosters.Leptospirosis VaccineLeptospirosis is a bacterial disease spread through contaminated water or soil, affecting the liver and kidneys. Dogs in rural or wet areas or those who swim in lakes and rivers are at higher risk. This vaccine is often combined with the DHPP vaccine as DHLPP and requires annual boosters.Canine Influenza VaccineThe canine influenza vaccine protects against “dog flu,” a contagious respiratory illness. Vaccination is recommended for dogs in areas with outbreaks or those exposed to high-risk environments like kennels, shelters, or dog shows.Lyme Disease VaccineThis vaccine protects against Lyme disease, a tick-borne illness that can cause fever, joint pain, and kidney damage. It is recommended for dogs in regions where Lyme disease is prevalent and for those exposed to tick-prone environments.Importance of VaccinationsVaccinations not only protect your dog but also help prevent the spread of diseases to other animals and humans. They are a vital part of public health and responsible pet ownership. Regularly consulting with your veterinarian ensures that your dog receives a tailored vaccination plan based on age, breed, lifestyle, and location. To keep your dog’s vaccination schedule on track:

Adapting Your Home for Your Cat's Senior Needs

The bond we share with our cats is one-of-a-kind. They are our best friends, therapists, furry entertainment, and more. We want to give them the best possible quality of life from the first day they come into our lives, but that desire to “do right” by them only intensifies as they enter their senior years. We want to ensure their comfort, happiness, health, and well-being during this stage of life.This is where adapting our homes comes into play. It’s not just about making things easier; it’s about creating an environment that supports their changing needs and prevents injuries. This post will provide you with practical tips and information for creating a senior cat-friendly home to ensure your best friend enjoys their golden years in comfort.Understanding Normal Senior Cat ChangesWhen we talk about “senior” cats, the definition is a bit of a grey area. The age that a cat crosses into that “senior” label can range from 10 to 12 years old, depending on who you ask.However, it’s important to remember that, like humans, our cats all age at different rates. Some may show signs of premature aging early in life, while others will remain spry and kitten-like well into their late teens. Factors like breed, genetics, lifestyle, and overall health can significantly impact when your cat starts to experience the signs of aging.As cats age, they may experience a variety of physical changes. Arthritis and joint stiffness are common in older cats, leading to decreased mobility, including moving a little slower, fewer “zoomies,” and difficulty jumping or climbing. Muscle mass naturally diminishes, which can impact their strength and agility.Senior cats are also at a higher risk of dental issues like gum disease and tooth loss. Your cat may also experience changes in digestion and elimination, including constipation, increased urination, and difficulty using the litter box (often due to mobility concerns).In addition to the many physical changes our cats experience, they may also go through some behavioral shifts. Senior cats often have lower activity levels, spending less time on playtime and more time napping.Your cat may become more vocal during this stage of their life, including meowing at night or experiencing disorientation, which may signal cognitive decline. Also called “feline dementia,” cognitive decline can lead to confusion, changes in sleep patterns, difficulty navigating spaces they were once familiar with, changes in appetite, and difficulty keeping up with their usual grooming routine. These changes generally don’t happen overnight; they occur gradually. This slow progression can make it easy to overlook, which is why it is so important as loving cat parents to familiarize ourselves with what to look out for and how to best accommodate their needs. Early detection and proactive changes in both your home and care routine will ensure they continue to live the happy, safe, and healthy life you’ve created for them.Tips to Help Adapt Your Home for Your Senior Cat’s ComfortCreating a comfortable environment that supports your senior cat’s needs involves carefully considered and thoughtful changes to various aspects of your home. It’s about anticipating their needs (including future needs, where applicable) and proactively making changes to enhance their life throughout their golden years.Soft and Accessible BeddingAs mentioned, senior cats tend to nap longer and more often. Orthopedic beds are a great option to support their aging joints. Place these beds in warm and easily accessible areas, avoiding high-traffic areas where that all-too-important nap may be interrupted.Consider heated beds or pads, especially during the colder month, to offer a little extra comfort and warmth for their stiff muscles. You can choose from a heated bed that relies on electricity or, as we prefer for our senior girl Pippen, a self-heating pad that can be placed anywhere without worrying about finding an electrical outlet.Temperature RegulationCats are more sensitive to temperature changes in their senior years. To keep your cat comfortable, try to maintain a consistent and comfortable temperature in your home, avoiding extreme heat or cold.Some ways to keep a steady indoor temperature include:Eliminating drats by sealing windows and doorsProviding warm spots and sun patches, such as window perches or cozy blanketsOffering contained sleeping spaces that help trap your cat’s body heatBeing cautious about placing your cat’s items (beds, food dishes, etc.) near heating or AC ventsReducing StressCats thrive on predictability, especially during their senior years. Establish and maintain a consistent daily routine, including mealtimes, bedtime, and play sessions (yes, senior cats still want to play – just shorter, less demanding sessions). Minimize loud noises and sudden changes in their environment, which can cause anxiety.Create a safe space for your cat, such as a quiet room, cat tree, covered bed, or cat condo, where your cat can retreat if they are feeling overwhelmed. If you have other pets, make sure there is at least one safe space where they can be guaranteed to escape on their own.If, despite your best efforts, your cat is still showing signs of stress and anxiety, contact your veterinarian to discuss calming aids, supplements, or medications.Accessible Food and Water StationsIn addition to offering a balanced diet that is uniquely suited for the changing needs of a senior cat, you must also consider the way you are feeding your best friend. Elevate food and water bowls to reduce strain on their joints from bending or reaching down during mealtimes. You can do this by using a raised feeder or placing your cat’s dishes on a small platform.Senior cats experience higher rates of dehydration. Place multiple water dishes or cat fountains throughout your house to encourage proper hydration by making fresh water easily accessible. Use easy-to-clean mats underneath their bowls to prevent spills and messes.

Grooming Tools for that Self-Sufficient Feline

(photo credit: lucky_pics / shutterstock.com)Do you brush your cat? Let me rephrase that. Does your cat let you brush her? Because if she’s longer-haired she should be brushed daily – regardless of how annoyed she becomes with you. And for shorter-haired felines, at least once a week to keep both cat and home, reasonably free from flying fur.But there’s more because beyond ensuring your fluffball looks her very best, brushing out all that loose fur stimulates the natural oils for a healthy, shiny coat and reduces the likelihood of her developing those dread hairballs. Yes, due to how frequently a cat licks and preens her fluffy coat throughout the day, hairballs are not uncommon. At best, they pass through her system and straight into the litter box. More typically, they build in her digestive tract until they’re too large to move through her. At this point, she regurgitates them back up as a slimy mass of hair you’re almost certain to step in. And then there are the extreme cases where the mass grows to become a solid blockage that requires veterinary intervention. So, let’s not let it get to that point.If you’re trying to keep your feline well-groomed but she won’t tolerate brushing for more than a few seconds, what can you do? Don’t give up for starters. Choose to move through the process in increments. Start with gentle brushing in the areas she approves of, then gradually increase the coverage while praising and offering treats along the way. At the same time, build the duration up from just a few seconds to a few minutes.Now, kitty may well have plans for primping that don’t include you. When that’s the case, a little hands-off assistance may be just the ticket and thankfully the pet industry has developed some cat-friendly tools your feline will actually enjoy using.

5 Tips for Helping Your Socially Anxious Dog

Just like humans, dogs can suffer from social anxiety. Whether it stems from a traumatic experience, lack of early socialization, or a naturally shy temperament, social anxiety in dogs can manifest as trembling, barking, growling, hiding, or even aggression when faced with unfamiliar people, animals, or environments. If your furry friend struggles in social settings, here are five practical tips to help them build confidence and feel more at ease.

Camping with Cats Really Is That Easy!

(photo credit: Dee Browning/ shutterstock.com)From camping to glamping to a simple road trip to explore the great outdoors, ensuring your feline is comfy, cozy, and totally chill with the experience is a big part of enjoying the adventure. That said, we’ve all heard the expression “like herding cats” when describing a situation that’s almost impossible to get back under control. And that has to be the biggest fear when planning any type of trip that will include the family cat. Because we know her determination to go where she pleases, when she pleases… and to return at her leisure. You’re nodding your head yes..!But it’s particularly concerning when you’re not on the familiar turf of your own backyard. Her wandering off can be not only inconvenient but downright dangerous. So, what to do? Of course, we still want to find a way to have our feline fur kid travel with us and enjoy the mental stimulation that comes with new experiences. That’s why we’re lucky the pet industry has covered off our need for pussy-cat portability, on a number of levels.

Having a Pet Influences How and If People Travel

If you’ve ever felt guilty about traveling and leaving your pet behind at home, you aren’t alone. According to a TrustedHousesitters survey of pet parents in the United States, having a pet can influence your travel plans. Keep reading to learn about some interesting stats, and see if you share a lot of the same feelings as so many others who aren’t always excited to go on vacation without their fur babies.

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